Ocular Cell Lines and Genotoxicity Assessment

Souto, Eliana B.; Campos, J.; Ana, Raquel da; Martins-Gomes, Carlos; Silva, Amélia M.; Souto, Selma B.; Lucarini, Massimo; Durazzo, Alessandra; Santini, Antonello

doi:10.3390/ijerph17062046

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Generally, the positively charged nanoparticles are recognized as more toxic and may even damage the membrane of cells. Moreover, they can interact with enzymes, proteins, and DNA [39] with an increased risk of genotoxicity [40,41].…”

Section: Formulating Nanomaterials In Innovative Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotoxicology and Nanosafety: Safety-by-Design and Testing at a Glance

Zielińska

Costa

Ferreira

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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119

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This review offers a systematic discussion about nanotoxicology and nanosafety associated with nanomaterials during manufacture and further biomedical applications. A detailed introduction on nanomaterials and their most frequently uses, followed by the critical risk aspects related to regulatory uses and commercialization, is provided. Moreover, the impact of nanotoxicology in research over the last decades is discussed, together with the currently available toxicological methods in cell cultures (in vitro) and in living organisms (in vivo). A special focus is given to inorganic nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In vitro and in vivo case studies for the selected nanoparticles are discussed. The final part of this work describes the significance of nano-security for both risk assessment and environmental nanosafety. “Safety-by-Design” is defined as a starting point consisting on the implementation of the principles of drug discovery and development. The concept “Safety-by-Design” appears to be a way to “ensure safety”, but the superficiality and the lack of articulation with which it is treated still raises many doubts. Although the approach of “Safety-by-Design” to the principles of drug development has helped in the assessment of the toxicity of nanomaterials, a combination of scientific efforts is constantly urgent to ensure the consistency of methods and processes. This will ensure that the quality of nanomaterials is controlled and their safe development is promoted. Safety issues are considered strategies for discovering novel toxicological-related mechanisms still needed to be promoted.

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Section: Formulating Nanomaterials In Innovative Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotoxicology and Nanosafety: Safety-by-Design and Testing at a Glance

Zielińska

Costa

Ferreira

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

119

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“…Besides, in order to be site specific for tumor cells, the loading of such chemotherapeutic and/or chemopreventive agents or their extracts into nanoparticles has been proposed to minimize the risk of cytotoxic events in healthy cells [53,54]. Additional screening tests, such as genotoxicity [55,56], oxidative stress [57], and apoptosis [58], have been proposed.…”

Section: Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Red Propolis: Extracts Production, Physicochemical Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Profile for Antitumor Activity

et al. 2020

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Brazilian red propolis has been proposed as a new source of compounds with cytotoxic activity. Red propolis is a resinous material of vegetal origin, synthesized from the bees of the Appis mellifera family, with recognized biological properties. To obtain actives of low polarity and high cytotoxic profile from red propolis, in this work, we proposed a new solvent accelerated extraction method. A complete 23 factorial design was carried out to evaluate the influence of the independent variables or factors (e.g., temperature, number of cycles, and extraction time) on the dependent variable or response (i.e., yield of production). The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the identification of chemical compounds. Gas chromatography analysis revealed the presence of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, ethers, and terpenes, such as lupeol, lupenone, and lupeol acetate, in most of the obtained extracts. To evaluate the cytotoxicity profile of the obtained bioactives, the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazole)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay was performed in different tumor cell lines (HCT116 and PC3). The results show that the extract obtained from 70 °C and one cycle of extraction of 10 min exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines. The highest yield, however, did not indicate the highest cytotoxic activity, but the optimal extraction conditions were indeed dependent on the temperature (i.e., 70 °C).

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“…Any cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles in vitro results from their adhesion to the cell membrane, their internalization, and degradation inside the cells [50,51]. The cell susceptibility to a specific product is dependent on the type of cell [52], and is governed by the physicochemical properties of the surface and matrix of the particles. While enough evidence on their preclinical safety based on the biocompatibility and biodegradability of lipids has been gathered, the main critical issue is the type of surfactant surrounded by the particles on the cell viability in vitro [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%