Octreotide as an adjunct in the management of arterial gastrointestinal bleeding: Should it be considered in refractory cases of obscure origin?

Martins, Noel; Chaput, Kimberly J.; Stawicki, Stanislaw P.; Modi, Ronak

doi:10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_14_17

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Some cases of TS patients with GI bleeding described in the literature showed improvement after oestrogen treatment [22, 41] and a significant drop in transfusion requirements was found [41]. It is also noteworthy that in females over 40 years of age, angioectasias are mentioned as the most frequent cause of middle and lower GI lesions [42, 43]. On the other hand, a randomized prospective study from Spain [44] revealed that continuous oestrogen-progestogen treatment is not useful for preventing GI re-bleeding due to angiodysplasia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations in Patients with Turner’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Kucharská¹,

Józefczuk²,

Ksiązyk³

et al. 2018

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background/Aim: There is a paucity of data on gastrointestinal (GI) vascular abnormalities in patients with Turner’s syndrome (TS). Therefore, this literature review aimed to characterize the nature of GI vascular malformations in patients with TS, their localization in the GI tract, and their clinical and laboratory manifestations. Methods: A systematic search for articles was conducted using Medline and Embase (until August 2017). A manual search of the references of the included papers was performed to identify any potential additional references. We also conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients with TS and GI bleeding who were hospitalized at our institution. Results: A total of 29 articles published between 1947 and 2015 that described 39 cases were reviewed. Additionally, we included 2 patients who were hospitalized at our institution. The median age of patients with TS was 15 years (range: 0.1–57 years). Iron deficiency anaemia (35/40), haematochezia (15/37), and melaena (14/36) were the most common symptoms. Abnormal GI vessels occurred throughout the entire bowel, with a predilection for the small intestine (72%, 29/40). The most common abnormal vessels (65%, 24/37) were telangiectasias and dilated veins. Conclusion: Telangiectasias and dilated veins of the small intestine were the most commonly seen abnormal GI vessels in patients with TS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, that study described a small group of adults (50% of them were males); therefore, the results cannot be extrapolated directly for young TS girls. Recently, treatment with somatostatin analogues has been proposed as a possible therapeutic option [42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations in Patients with Turner’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Kucharská¹,

Józefczuk²,

Ksiązyk³

et al. 2018

Horm Res Paediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to statistics, the clinical mortality of liver cirrhosis with sudden upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is as high as 30%–70%. [ 4 ] It has significance to investigate clinically feasible and effective hemostatic measures and treatment plans to control the disease progression and reduce the mortality. Drug hemostasis is effective in liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage therapy, but there are still some controversies over which drug regimen to choose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of clinical effect of octreotide and pituitrin in treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhosis

Zhu

Ren

et al. 2023

Indian J Pharmacol

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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evidence for developing an oral formulation of octreotide against gastric mucosal injury

Rao

et al. 2017

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Among the somatostatin analogues, octreotide (OCT) is the most commonly used in clinic via intravenous or subcutaneous injection to treat various diseases caused by increased secretion of growth hormone, gastrin or insulin. In order to assesse the feasibility of developing oral formulations of OCT, we conducted systematical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses of OCT in several animal models. The pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that intragastric administration of OCT had extremely low bioavailability (<0.5%), but it could specifically distribute to the gastric mucosa due to the high expression of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) in the rat stomach. The pharmacodynamic studies revealed that intragastric administration of OCT dose-dependently protected against gastric mucosal injury (GMI) in mice with WIRS-induced mouse gastric ulcers, which were comparable to those achieved by intravenous injection of OCT, and this effect was markedly attenuated by co-administration of CYN-154806, an antagonist of SSTR2. In pyloric ligation-induced ulcer mice, we further demonstrated that OCT significantly reduced the secretion of gastric acid via down-regulating the level of gastrin, which was responsible for the protective effect of OCT against GMI. Overall, we have provided pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evidence for the feasibility of developing an oral formulation of OCT. Most importantly, the influence of SSTR2 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of OCT suggested that an oral formulation of OCT might be applicable for other clinical indications, including neuroendocrine neoplasms and pituitary adenoma due to the overexpression of SSTR2 on these tumor cells.

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Octreotide as an adjunct in the management of arterial gastrointestinal bleeding: Should it be considered in refractory cases of obscure origin?

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations in Patients with Turner’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations in Patients with Turner’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Comparison of clinical effect of octreotide and pituitrin in treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhosis

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evidence for developing an oral formulation of octreotide against gastric mucosal injury

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