Octopamine Modulates the Axons of Modulatory Projection Neurons

Goaillard, Jean Marc; Schulz, David J.; Kilman, Valerie L.; Marder, Eve

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2078-04.2004

Cited by 41 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Octopamine, and its precursor tyramine, increased the firing frequency, restoring it to approximately the preadaptation level. Similar increases in firing frequency in response to octopamine have been reported in other invertebrate preparations (Ramirez and Orchard, 1990;Matheson, 1997;Bräunig and Eder, 1998;Goaillard et al, 2004).…”

Section: Octopamine Induced Increase In Sensitivitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Spider Peripheral Mechanosensory Neurons Are Directly Innervated and Modulated by Octopaminergic Efferents

Widmer

Höger²,

Meisner³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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Octopamine is a chemical relative of noradrenaline providing analogous neurohumoral control of diverse invertebrate physiological processes. There is also evidence for direct octopaminergic innervation of some insect peripheral tissues. Here, we show that spider peripheral mechanoreceptors are innervated by octopamine-containing efferents. The mechanosensory neurons have octopamine receptors colocalized with synapsin labeling in the efferent fibers. In addition, octopamine enhances the electrical response of the sensory neurons to mechanical stimulation.Spider peripheral mechanosensilla receive extensive efferent innervation. Many efferent fibers in the legs of Cupiennius salei are GABAergic, providing inhibitory control of sensory neurons, but there is also evidence for other neurotransmitters. We used antibody labeling to show that some efferents contain octopamine and that octopamine receptors are concentrated on the axon hillocks and proximal soma regions of all mechanosensory neurons in the spider leg. Synaptic vesicles in efferent neurons were concentrated in similar areas.Octopamine, or its precursor tyramine, increased responses of mechanically stimulated filiform (trichobothria) leg hairs. This effect was blocked by the octopamine antagonist phentolamine. The octopamine-induced modulation was mimicked by 8-Br-cAMP, a cAMP analog, and blocked by Rp-cAMPS, a protein kinase A inhibitor, indicating that spider octopamine receptors activate adenylate cyclase and increase cAMP concentration.Frequency response analysis showed that octopamine increased the sensitivity of the trichobothria neurons over a broad frequency range. Thus, the major effect of octopamine is to increase its overall sensitivity to wind-borne signals from sources such as flying insect prey or predators.

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Section: Octopamine Induced Increase In Sensitivitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Spider Peripheral Mechanosensory Neurons Are Directly Innervated and Modulated by Octopaminergic Efferents

Widmer

Höger²,

Meisner³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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“…STG neurons can switch between rhythms depending on neuromodulatory influence (Dickinson 1995;Goaillard et al 2004;Hooper and Moulins 1989;Meyrand et al 1991;Weimann and Marder 1994), which is similar to the oxotremorine response of respiratory neurons described here. Like mammalian respiratory neurons, many STG neurons simultaneously express multiple network rhythms Weimann and Marder 1994).…”

Section: Postsigh Apneasupporting

confidence: 63%

Differential Modulation of Neural Network and Pacemaker Activity Underlying Eupnea and Sigh-Breathing Activities

Tryba¹,

Peña²,

Lieske³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurophysiology

106

175

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Many networks generate distinct rhythms with multiple frequency and amplitude characteristics. The respiratory network in the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-Böt) generates both the low-frequency, large-amplitude sigh rhythm and a faster, smaller-amplitude eupneic rhythm. Could the same set of pacemakers generate both rhythms? Here we used an in vitro respiratory brainslice preparation. We describe a subset of synaptically isolated pacemakers that spontaneously generate two distinct bursting patterns. These two patterns resemble network activity including sigh-like bursts that occur at low frequencies and have large amplitudes and eupneic-like bursts with higher frequency and smaller amplitudes. Cholinergic neuromodulation altered the network and pacemaker bursting: fictive sigh frequency is increased dramatically, whereas fictive eupneic frequency is drastically lowered. The data suggest that timing and amplitude characteristics of fictive eupneic and sigh rhythms are set by the same set of pacemakers that are tuned by changes in the neuromodulatory state.

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“…Monoamines regulate axonal properties in neurons from the stomatogastric ganglion of the crab or the lobster (34,82,213,366). They also determine axonal properties in mammalian axons.…”

Section: Receptors In the Axon Propermentioning

confidence: 99%

Axon Physiology

Debanne

Campanac

Bialowas

et al. 2011

Physiological Reviews

544

492

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Axons are generally considered as reliable transmission cables in which stable propagation occurs once an action potential is generated. Axon dysfunction occupies a central position in many inherited and acquired neurological disorders that affect both peripheral and central neurons. Recent findings suggest that the functional and computational repertoire of the axon is much richer than traditionally thought. Beyond classical axonal propagation, intrinsic voltage-gated ionic currents together with the geometrical properties of the axon determine several complex operations that not only control signal processing in brain circuits but also neuronal timing and synaptic efficacy. Recent evidence for the implication of these forms of axonal computation in the short-term dynamics of neuronal communication is discussed. Finally, we review how neuronal activity regulates both axon morphology and axonal function on a long-term time scale during development and adulthood.

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Octopamine Modulates the Axons of Modulatory Projection Neurons

Cited by 41 publications

References 57 publications

Spider Peripheral Mechanosensory Neurons Are Directly Innervated and Modulated by Octopaminergic Efferents

Spider Peripheral Mechanosensory Neurons Are Directly Innervated and Modulated by Octopaminergic Efferents

Differential Modulation of Neural Network and Pacemaker Activity Underlying Eupnea and Sigh-Breathing Activities

Axon Physiology

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