Octopamine Affects the Timing of Retinal Responses in Limulus as well as their Amplitudes

Wasserman, Gerald S.; Bolbecker, Amanda R.; Li, J; Lim-Kessler, Corrinne C. M.

doi:10.3389/fnint.2011.00001

Cited by 50 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Representation of interval timing is usually considered a higher-order brain function and various central neural mechanisms, including pacemaker-accumulators, neural oscillators, and network dynamics, have been proposed [e.g., 13, 14, 15, 16]. Central neural mechanisms have received relatively limited attention in olfaction, although network dynamics have been strongly implicated in encoding the temporal structure of odor stimuli in locusts [17], suggesting the involvement of central neural mechanisms is fertile ground for further exploration.…”

Section: Neurally Encoding Olfactory Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes encoding interval time through bORNs an instantaneous mechanism, distinct from more commonly assumed memory-based neural mechanisms for encoding time [e.g., 27] that require repetitive sampling to ascertain the interval using a sample-and-hold strategy. The idea of using distributed, modality-specific timing mechanisms that do not involve a centralized clock is increasingly appreciated for other sensory systems [15]. Having the capacity to encode olfactory time, however, doesn’t mean that animals actually extract and use that information.…”

Section: Neurally Encoding Olfactory Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Smelling Time: A Neural Basis for Olfactory Scene Analysis

Ache

Hein

Bobkov

et al. 2016

Trends in Neurosciences

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Behavioral evidence from phylogenetically diverse animals and humans suggests that olfaction could be much more involved in interpreting space and time than heretofore imagined by extracting temporal information inherent in the olfactory signal. If this is the case, the olfactory system must have neural mechanisms capable of encoding time at intervals relevant to the turbulent odor world in which many animals live. We review evidence that animals can use populations of rhythmically active or ‘bursting’ olfactory receptor neurons (bORNs) to extract and encode temporal information inherent in natural olfactory signals. We postulate that bORNs represent an unsuspected neural mechanism through which time can be accurately measured, and that ‘smelling time’ completes the requirements for true olfactory scene analysis.

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Section: Neurally Encoding Olfactory Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neurally Encoding Olfactory Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Smelling Time: A Neural Basis for Olfactory Scene Analysis

Ache

Hein

Bobkov

et al. 2016

Trends in Neurosciences

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“…Impulsive choice uniquely relies on delay processing, and interval timing processes have been implicated as playing an important role in impulsive choice (Baumann & Odum, 2012; Cooper, Kable, Kim, & Zauberman, 2013; Cui, 2011; Kim & Zauberman, 2009; Lucci, 2013; Marshall et al, 2014; Takahashi, 2005; Takahashi, Oono, & Radford, 2008; Wittmann & Paulus, 2008; Zauberman, Kim, Malkoc, & Bettman, 2009). The dorsal striatum (DS) is a key target for timing processes as it has been proposed to function as a "supramodal timer" (Coull, Cheng, & Meck, 2011) that is involved in encoding temporal durations (Coull & Nobre, 2008; Matell, Meck, & Nicolelis, 2003; Meck, 2006; Meck, Penney, & Pouthas, 2008).…”

Section: Domain-general and Domain-specific Valuation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Individual Differences in Impulsive and Risky Choice in Rats

Kirkpatrick¹,

Marshall²,

Smith³

2015

CCBR

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Individual differences in impulsive and risky choice are key risk factors for a variety of maladaptive behaviors such as drug abuse, gambling, and obesity. In our rat model, ordered individual differences are stable across choice parameters, months of testing, and span a broad spectrum, suggesting that rats, like humans, exhibit trait-level impulsive and risky choice behaviors. In addition, impulsive and risky choices are highly correlated, suggesting a degree of correlation between these two traits. An examination of the underlying cognitive mechanisms has suggested an important role for timing processes in impulsive choice. In addition, in an examination of genetic factors in impulsive choice, the Lewis rat strain emerged as a possible animal model for studying disordered impulsive choice, with this strain demonstrating deficient delay processing. Early rearing environment also affected impulsive behaviors, with rearing in an enriched environment promoting adaptable and more self-controlled choices. The combined results with impulsive choice suggest an important role for timing and reward sensitivity in moderating impulsive behaviors. Relative reward valuation also affects risky choice, with manipulation of objective reward value (relative to an alternative reference point) resulting in loss chasing behaviors that predicted overall risky choice behaviors. The combined results are discussed in relation to domain-specific versus domain-general subjective reward valuation processes and the potential neural substrates of impulsive and risky choice.

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“…This conditioned response (CR) not only precedes the US so that it protects the eye, it does so with a high degree of temporal precision, reaching its maximum amplitude close to the time of the (expected) US onset. This holds for CS-US intervals from about 100 ms to about a second [3-5], and for many animal species including mice [3, 6-8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for motor timing in the cerebellar cortex

Johansson

Hesslow

Medina

2016

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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In classical eyeblink conditioning a subject learns to blink to a previously neutral stimulus. This conditional response is timed to occur just before an air puff to the eye. The learning is known to depend on the cerebellar cortex where Purkinje cells respond with adaptively timed pauses in their spontaneous firing. The pauses in the inhibitory Purkinje cells cause disinhibition of the cerebellar nuclei, which elicit the overt blinks. The timing of a Purkinje cell response was previously thought to require a temporal code in the input signal but recent work suggests that the Purkinje cells can learn to time their responses through an intrinsic mechanism that is activated by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR7).

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Octopamine Affects the Timing of Retinal Responses in Limulus as well as their Amplitudes

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

Smelling Time: A Neural Basis for Olfactory Scene Analysis

Smelling Time: A Neural Basis for Olfactory Scene Analysis

Mechanisms of Individual Differences in Impulsive and Risky Choice in Rats

Mechanisms for motor timing in the cerebellar cortex

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