Octanoate stimulates cytosolic triacylglycerol accumulation and CD36 mRNA expression but inhibits Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase activity in primary cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells

Yonezawa, Tomo; Yonekura, Shinichi; Sanosaka, Masato; Hagino, Akihiko; Katoh, K.; Obara, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1017/s0022029904000408

Cited by 28 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast to SCFA, MCFA and LCFA either saturated or unsaturated inhibited leptin expression in bovine adipocytes, in line with those reported in rat and mouse adipocytes [21][22][23][24][25], although they increase leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [27,28]. The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of LCFA in bovine adipocytes is still obscure, but one plausible explanation is that LCFA acts as a PPAR-γ agonist that has been shown to inhibit leptin expression and secretion in adipocytes [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Indeed, effective doses of SCFA in bovine adipocytes are comparable with those of mouse adipocytes and GPR41 transfected cells [20]. Further, there is a cell type specific difference in the leptin expression by addition of SCFA [26,28]. The difference between bovine mammary epithelial cells and anterior pituitary cells may be explained possibly by different expression of GPR41-like receptor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, MCFA and LCFA such as caprylate and linoleate, respectively, increase leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [27,28]. In addition, acetate and butyrate fail to influence leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [28]. Thus, these findings indicate that some conflicts in the regulation of leptin expression by fatty acids depending on the cell types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Similarly, acetate and butyrate stimulate leptin expression in bovine anterior pituitary cells [26]. However, MCFA and LCFA such as caprylate and linoleate, respectively, increase leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [27,28]. In addition, acetate and butyrate fail to influence leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Soliman

Kimura

Ahmed

et al. 2007

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived cytokine plays key roles in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. However, regulatory mechanisms of leptin gene expression are not fully elucidated in ruminants that utilize short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), known as volatile fatty acids, as principal energy sources. In this study, we determined effects of SCFA and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) on leptin expression in bovine adipocytes. Bovine stromal vascular cells isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of Holstein cows were cultured to confluence and treated sequentially with dexamethasone and isobutylmethylxanthine for 2 days and insulin and troglitazone for 12 days to achieve full differentiation to adipocytes. The cells started to accumulate lipids 4 days after the onset of treatment, with increased mRNAs expression of leptin, as well as aP2, adiponectin, and PPAR-γ  Removal of fetal calf serum and reduction of glucose in the culture medium of differentiated adipocytes decreased leptin mRNA expression.Subsequent addition of acetate, butyrate, or propionate dose-dependently restored and rather increased leptin expression, while addition of LCFA suppressed it. The stimulatory effect of acetate was abolished by prior treatment of the cells with pertussis toxin and by addition of LCFA. Furthermore, cows fasted for 48h and fed thereafter, elaborate reduced and increased plasma leptin levels, respectively. Thus, these results suggest that plasma leptin levels in cows are inversely controlled at transcription by VFA and LCFA, and that the effects of SCFA possibly act through a G protein-coupled receptor for SCFA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Soliman

Kimura

Ahmed

et al. 2007

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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“…PPARc is upregulated by medium-chain fatty acids (Yonezawa et al 2004) and long-chain fatty acids itself and is therefore a target for gene-diet interaction studies. We hypothesised that subjects with a variation in FABP2 promoter haplotype might have different responses to mediumand long-chain fatty acid diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of FABP2 promoter haplotype on response to a diet with medium-chain triacylglycerols

et al. 2012

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The fatty-acid-binding protein-2 (FABP2) gene has been proposed as a candidate gene for diabetes because the encoded protein is involved in fatty acid absorption and therefore may affect insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. The rare haplotype (B) of its promoter was shown to be associated with a lower risk for type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a polymorphism in the FABP2 promoter does affect the metabolic response to either an medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) or an long-chain triacylglycerol (LCT) diet, which were suggested to differ in transport mechanisms, in affinity to FABP2, in activating transcription factors binding to the FABP2 promoter and in their effects on insulin sensitivity. We studied 82 healthy male subjects varying in the FABP2 promoter (42 homozygous for common haplotype (A), 40 homozygous for the rare haplotype (B)) in an interventional study with either an MCT or LCT diet over 2 weeks to examine gene-nutrient interaction. The saturation grade of MCT was adjusted to that of the LCT fat. We determined glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols (TGs), chylomicron triacylglycerols and cholesterol before and after a standardised mixed meal before and after the intervention. HDL cholesterol increased in all groups, which was most pronounced in subjects homozygous for the common promoter haplotype A who received MCT diet (P = 0.001), but not significant in homozygous rare haplotype B subjects who received MCT fat. Subjects homozygous for FABP2 haplotype A showed a significant decrease in fasting and postprandial glucose (P = 0.01, 0.04, respectively) and a decrease in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, P = 0.04) during LCT diet. After correction for multiple testing, those effects did not remain significant. Fasting and postprandial triacylglycerols, LDL cholesterol, chylomicron TGs and cholesterol were not affected by genotype or diet. MCT diet increased HDL cholesterol dependent on the FABP2 promoter haplotype. The effects of the promoter haplotype B could be mediated by PPARc, which is upregulated by mediumchain fatty acids.

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Expression and Nutritional Regulation of Lipogenic Genes in the Ruminant Lactating Mammary Gland

Bernard

Leroux

Chilliard

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

206

225

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The effect of nutrition on milk fat yield and composition has largely been investigated in cows and goats, with some differences for fatty acid (FA) composition responses and marked species differences in milk fat yield response. Recently, the characterization of lipogenic genes in ruminant species allowed in vivo studies focused on the effect of nutrition on mammary expression of these genes, in cows (mainly fed milk fat-depressing diets) and goats (fed lipid-supplemented diets). These few studies demonstrated some similarities in the regulation of gene expression between the two species, although the responses were not always in agreement with milk FA secretion responses. A central role for trans-10 C18:1 and trans-10, cis-12 CLA as regulators of milk fat synthesis has been proposed. However, trans-10 C18:1 does not directly control milk fat synthesis in cows, despite the fact that it largely responds to dietary factors, with its concentration being negatively correlated with milk fat yield response in cows and, to a lesser extent, in goats. Milk trans-10, cis-12 CLA is often correlated with milk fat depression in cows but not in goats and, when postruminally infused, acts as an inhibitor of the expression of key lipogenic genes in cows. Recent evidence has also proven the inhibitory effect of the trans-9, cis-11 CLA isomer. The molecular mechanisms by which nutrients regulate lipogenic gene expression have yet to be well identified, but a central role for SREBP-1 has been outlined as mediator of FA effects, whereas the roles of PPARs and STAT5 need to be determined. It is expected that the development of in vitro functional systems for lipid synthesis and secretion will allow future progress toward (1) the identification of the inhibitors and activators of fat synthesis, (2) the knowledge of cellular mechanisms, and (3) the understanding of differences between ruminant species.

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Octanoate stimulates cytosolic triacylglycerol accumulation and CD36 mRNA expression but inhibits Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase activity in primary cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

The effect of FABP2 promoter haplotype on response to a diet with medium-chain triacylglycerols

Expression and Nutritional Regulation of Lipogenic Genes in the Ruminant Lactating Mammary Gland

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