Octanitropyrazolopyrazole: a gem-trinitromethyl based green high-density energetic oxidizer

Abstract

Synthesis of a green gem-trinitromethyl-substituted high density energetic-oxidizer 3,6-dinitro-1,4-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole with a potential to replace the presently utilized oxidizer ammonium perchlorate is reported.

Synthesis and Properties of Lead‐Free Primary Explosive: Potassium 5‐(2,2‐Diamino‐1‐nitrovinyl)tetrazolate

“…Till now, energetic materials are playing vital roles in both military force and civil construction [1–7]. According to different functions and purposes, it can be divided into detonators, secondary explosives, and propellants [8–12]. Detonators, also named primary explosives, are a kind of energetic compounds, which could show rapid transformation from deflagration to detonation in a very short time [13, 14].…”

Functionalized planar aromatic rings as precursors to energetic N,N′-(4,6-dinitro-1,3-phenylene)dinitramide and its salts

“…Orange block crystals of 3 with dimensions 0.11 Â 0.09 Â 0.06 mm 3 , yellow block crystals of 5Á0.5CH 3 CN with dimensions 0.07 Â 0.05 Â 0.02 mm 3 and yellow needle crystals of 7 with dimensions 0.20 Â 0.04 Â 0.03 mm 3 were selected and mounted on a nylon loop with Paratone oil on a XtaLAB Synergy, Dualflex, HyPix diffractometer. The crystals were kept at a steady T = 100.00 (10) K during data collection. The structures were solved with the ShelXT 20 solution program using dual methods and by using Olex2.…”

“…9 However, the high cost of large-scale syntheses and overall poor yields very often limit their practical applicability. 10 To this end, the search for easily accessible materials with high densities, in combination with acceptable thermal stabilities, is necessary in order to realize the acquisition of new energetic materials. By examining the molecular structure of energetic materials based on azole, caged, linear or cyclic structures, we note that functionalization of the planar aromatic rings is very straightforward, up scalable, and economical.…”

Reducing the Electron Delocalization of FOX-7 toward a Thermally Stable Explosive as a Hexanitrosilbene (HNS) Replacement

“…As the carrier of storing and releasing chemical energy, energetic materials play irreplaceable roles in civil construction and military defense. − According to different applications, they can be divided into primary explosives, , booster explosives, propellants, − and heat-resistant explosives. , Among them, heat-resistant explosives (HREs) are a class of energetic compounds with onset decomposition temperature exceeding 300 °C. Hexanitrosilbene (HNS) and 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB) are two well-known HREs, because of their high thermal stability. − However, the relatively low detonation performance of HNS and high initiation requirements of TATB, somewhat restrict their broad applications .…”