OCT in Alzheimer’s disease: thinning of the RNFL and superior hemiretina

Cunha, João Paulo; Proença, Rita Pinto; Dias‐Santos, Arnaldo; Almeida, Rui Jorge; Águas, Helena; Alves, Marta; Papoila, Ana Luísa; Louro, Carlota; Castanheira–Dinis, A.

doi:10.1007/s00417-017-3715-9

Cited by 72 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[13] provided histopathological evidence of optic neuropathy and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in AD subjects, and later, in a postmortem study, substantial GCL degeneration was demonstrated in the foveal/parafoveal region in AD. OCT imaging in vivo first showed decreased total macular thickness in AD subjects [16,31] and later, when macular segmentation was available, Marziani et al. reported significant reductions in combined RNFL and GCL thickness (RNFL+GCL+IPL) in the macular region [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1986, Hinton et al [13] provided histopathological evidence of optic neuropathy and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in AD subjects, and later, in a postmortem study, substantial GCL degeneration was demonstrated in the foveal/ parafoveal region in AD. OCT imaging in vivo first showed decreased total macular thickness in AD subjects [16,31] and later, when macular segmentation was available, Marziani et al reported significant reductions in combined RNFL and GCL thickness (RNFL1GCL1IPL) in the macular region [15]. Nevertheless, Cheung et al [33] suggested that including the RNFL in the GCL analysis in the macular area may influence the sensitivity for revealing GCL abnormalities, so they measured GCL-IPL without including the RNFL and found significant GCL-IPL thinning in AD and MCI patients compared with HC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ganglion cell layer thinning in prodromal Alzheimer's disease defined by amyloid PET

López-de-Eguileta

Lage

López‐García

et al. 2019

A&D Transl Res & Clin Interv

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Introduction The objective of this study was to investigate and compare optic nerve and retinal layers in eyes of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) with paired control eyes using optical coherence tomography. Methods Sixty‐three eyes of 34 subjects, 12 eyes with AD and 51 eyes with MCI, positive to 11C‐labeled Pittsburgh Compound‐B with positron emission tomography (11C‐PiB PET/CT), and the same number of sex‐ and age‐paired control eyes underwent optical coherence tomography scanning analyzing retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), Bruch's membrane opening–minimum rim width (BMO‐MRW), inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer nuclear layer, and lamina cribrosa (LC). Results Compared with healthy controls, eyes of patients with positive 11C‐PiB PET/CT showed a significant thinning of RNFL (P < .028) and GCL (P < .014). IPL and outer nuclear layer also showed significant thinning in two (P < .025) and one location (P < .010), respectively. No significant differences were found when optic nerve measurements BMO‐MRW and LC were compared (P > .131 and P > .721, respectively). Temporal sector GCL, average RNFL, and temporal sector RNFL also exhibited significant thinning when MCI and control eyes were compared (P = .015, P = .005 and P = .050, respectively), and also the greatest area under the curve values (0.689, 0.647, and 0.659, respectively). GCL, IPL, and RNFL tend to be thinner in the AD group compared with healthy controls. Discussion Our study suggests that RNFL and GCL are useful for potential screening in the early diagnosis of AD. LC and BMO‐MRW appear not to be affected by AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglion cell layer thinning in prodromal Alzheimer's disease defined by amyloid PET

López-de-Eguileta

Lage

López‐García

et al. 2019

A&D Transl Res & Clin Interv

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“…Initially, evidence of total macular thickness decreased in patients with AD was demonstrated with time domain OCT (TD-OCT) [ 53 ] and stratus OCT [ 49 , 54 ]. Subsequently, it was confirmed by several independent groups using modern OCT devices, such as spectral-domain OCT [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Ganglion Cell Layer Thinning in Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2020

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The main advantages of optical retinal imaging may allow researchers to achieve deeper analysis of retinal ganglion cells (GC) in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Using this device to elucidate the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on retinal health with the aim to identify a new AD biomarker, a large amount of studies has analyzed GC in different stages of the disease. Our review highlights recent knowledge into measuring retinal morphology in AD making distinctive between whether those studies included patients with clinical dementia stage or also mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which selection criteria were applied to diagnosed patients included, and which device of OCT was employed. Despite several differences, previous works found a significant thinning of GC layer in patients with AD and MCI. In the long term, an important future direction is to achieve a specific ocular biomarker with enough sensitivity to reveal preclinical AD disorder and to monitor progression.

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“…OCT examination reveals a thinner retinal nerve fibre layer in patients with Alzheimer's disease . Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness is reported to be lower overall as well as in all four quadrants in comparison to that of healthy controls.…”

Section: Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Optical coherence tomography in the investigation of systemic neurologic disease

Srinivasan

Efron

2019

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a well-established technique for the clinical examination, diagnosis, severity staging and monitoring of ophthalmic disorders. The application of this technology has more recently been extended beyond ophthalmic disease, whereby it has been demonstrated that OCT can serve as an ophthalmic marker for a range of systemic neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This review will focus on the clinical utility of OCT-derived retinal measures for the investigation of these conditions.

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OCT in Alzheimer’s disease: thinning of the RNFL and superior hemiretina

Cited by 72 publications

References 40 publications

Ganglion cell layer thinning in prodromal Alzheimer's disease defined by amyloid PET

Ganglion cell layer thinning in prodromal Alzheimer's disease defined by amyloid PET

Ganglion Cell Layer Thinning in Alzheimer’s Disease

Optical coherence tomography in the investigation of systemic neurologic disease

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