Ocorrência e caracterização de galhas entomógenas em um fragmento florestal em estágio de sucessão ecológica na Amazônia

Abstract

Resumo. O estudo objetivou registrar e caracterizar as galhas entomógenas em duas áreas de floresta em sucessão ecológica em Santarém-PA, de setembro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015: Campus Tapajós e Bosque Mekdece. Foram coletadas 405 galhas distribuídas em nove morfotipos, os quais estavam associados a 21 espécies de plantas hospedeiras distribuídas em 11 famílias. As plantas hospedeiras que apresentaram maior riqueza de galhas foram Fabaceae com oito morfotipos, Myrtaceae com quatro, seguida de Anacardiaceae e Meliaceae com três e dois morfotipos respectivamente. As folhas foram o órgão vegetal mais galhado (89%) e as formas globóides as mais frequentes. Os Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) foram os principais cecidógenos e os parasitóides encontrados pertenciam às famílias Eulophidae, Encyrtidae e Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).Occurrence and characterization of entomogenous galls in a forest fragment at the stage of ecological succession in the AmazonAbstract. The study aimed to record and characterize the entomogenic galls in two forest areas in ecological succession in Santarém-PA, from September 2014 to February 2015: Campus Tapajós and Mekdece Forest. The total of 405 gallons were collected in nine morphotypes, which were associated with 21 host plant species distributed in 11 families. The host plants that presented the greatest richness of galls were Fabaceae with eight morphotypes, Myrtaceae with four, followed by Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae with three and two morphotypes, respectively. The leaves were the most scattered plant organ (89%) and the most frequent globose forms. The Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the main cecidogens and the parasitoids found belonged to the families Eulophidae, Encyrtidae and Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).

Insect galls from Amazon rainforest areas in Rondônia (Brazil)

“…More recently, five inventories, with host plants identification and gall characterization, have been published for areas of Amazon rainforest by Araújo et al (2012), Almada & Fernandes (2011), Maia (2011), Silva et al (2011), and Carvalho & Mota (2018 in Pará and Amazonas states. These authors found 112, 309, 77, 27 and 27 morphotypes, respectively, but none of them applied the survey methodology used in the present study.…”

“…Comments: First record of Protium unifoliolatum hosting insect galls in Amazon rainforest areas. However, Protium species were previously recorded hosting insect galls in Amazon rainforest areas by , Araújo & Espírito-Santo Filho (2012), Carvalho & Mota (2018), Maia (2011) and Silva et al (2011.…”

“…Galler: Cecidomyiidae. Comments: Galls on Myrcia bracteata, M. spheciosa and Myrcia sp.were previously recorded hosting insect galls in Amazon rainforest areas by Carvalho & Mota (2018) and Araújo et al (2012). First record of Myrcia splendens hosting insect galls in Amazon rainforest area.…”

“…So far, only five inventories with host plants data, characterization of the galls' morphotypes, records of inducers and associated fauna have been carried out in areas of the Amazon rainforest. One of them was performed in the state of Amazonas (Almada & Fernandes 2011) and the other four in Pará (Maia 2011, Silva et al 2011, Carvalho & Mota 2018. Data on galling insects and their host plants remain unknown for the other Brazilian states which include this phytogeographic domain, as the state of Rondônia.…”

Review of the inquilinous fauna associated with insect galls in Brazilian restingas

“…Data on the arthropod fauna associated with insect galls have been reported by several inventories in five phytogeographic domains in Brazil: (1) Amazon Forest (Maia, 2011;Carvalho and Motta, 2018), (2) Atlantic Forest (Maia, 2001(Maia, , 2013(Maia, , 2014Maia et al, 2008Maia et al, , 2014Bregonci et al, 2010;Rodrigues et al, 2014;Maia and Souza, 2013;Carvalho-Fernandes et al, 2016;Maia and Carvalho-Fernandes, 2016;Maia and Mascarenhas, 2017;Ribeiro et al, 2019), and ( 5) Pantanal (Ascendino and Maia, 2018). Several gall inventories of Atlantic Forest areas were carried out in restingas, mainly in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Maia, 2001;Rodrigues et al, 2014;Carvalho-Fernandes et al, 2016), but also in Espírito Santo (Bregonci et al, 2010), and São Paulo (Maia et al, 2008).…”