Ocorrência De Plantas Não Nativas E Exóticas Em Áreas Restauradas De Campos Rupestres

Abstract

RESUMO -A invasão por espécies de plantas não nativas representa um enorme problema para projetos de restauração ambiental. Estas espécies têm causado muitas vezes o fracasso do processo de restauração, a perda de estoques nativos, prejuízos econômicos e, certamente, sociais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi listar e avaliar a ocorrência de espécies não nativas em decorrência do asfaltamento da MG-010 em áreas restauradas nos campos rupestres da cordilheira do Espinhaço, Serra do Cipó, Brasil. Foram encontradas 23 espécies de plantas não nativas invadindo as áreas restauradas. Entre essas espécies, destacam-se as leguminosas Cajanus cajan, Chamaecrista flexuosa, Crotalaria pallida, Crotalaria spectabilis e Mimosa pigra e, entre as gramímeas, Andropogon bicornis, A. leucostachyus, Melinis repens, M. minutiflora, Paspalum paniculatum e Urochloa brizantha. A invasão das áreas restauradas, bem como a das bordas da rodovia, por essas espécies está relacionada à melhoria dos solos ao longo das rodovias causada por técnicas que utilizam uma mistura de calcário no preparo do leito estradal. A falta de um programa de monitoramento e gestão das áreas restauradas, bem como das unidades de conservação federal na qual estão inseridas, é outro fator que resulta em falhas no processo de restauração, colocando em risco toda a biota regional.Palavras-chave: cerrado, invasão biológica, impacto ambiental, Serra do Espinhaço, Serra do Cipó. ABSTRACT -Non-native plant species invasion significantly represents a problem to projects on environment restoration. Such species have often been associated with the failure of restoration processes, the loss of local inputs, economic issues and, certainly, social losses. This present work aimed at listing and assessing the occurrence of non-native species resulting from the pavement work conducted on route MG-010 in restored areas of rupestrian grassland vegetation along the

Growing Periandra mediterranea on post-mining substrate: native Fabaceae with potential for revegetation of degraded rupestrian grasslands in Brazil

“…Thus this species can be used to replace or reduce the use of exotic and invasive species, which has caused much damage to rupestrian grasslands (Barbosa et al 2010;Hilário et al 2011;Fernandes et al 2015;2016).…”

“…If the results obtained with P. mediterranea are confirmed in field evaluations, it is possible that this species could be used to replace other exotic and invasive legumes commonly used in the revegetation of degraded areas in Brazil, and which have caused problems such as limitations to ecological succession and the invasion of adjacent areas (Hilário et al 2011;Fernandes et al 2015).…”

“…However, many of these species are invasive and affect local biodiversity (Barbosa et al 2010;Hilário et al 2011;Fernandes et al 2015). Several studies have attempted to improve knowledge regarding the reproductive biology and establishment of native species with potential application in the revegetation of degraded areas of rupestrian grasslands (Garcia et al 2006;Negreiros et al 2009;Figueiredo et al 2012;Rodrigues & Silveira 2013).…”

“…For the selection of species with potential for use in the recovery of degraded areas, it is advisable to prioritize native species that are abundant in environments with edaphic conditions similar to those found in degraded areas (Madejón et al 2003;Fernandes et al 2015). Periandra mediterranea is a shrub legume native to rupestrian grasslands that possesses the previously mentioned features (Funch & Barroso 1999;Viana & Lombardi 2006;Mourão & Stehmann 2007;Messias et al 2012), which makes it a promising species for the revegetation of degraded areas, as indicated by Lima et al (2016).…”

Long‐term monitoring of shrub species translocation in degraded Neotropical mountain grassland

“…These human activities disrupt the soil's physical and chemical structure, and deplete the seed bank. Natural regeneration is hindered and the establishment of invasive species is favored (Negreiros et al ; Fernandes et al ). Like other OCBILs, rupestrian grasslands present extremely low resilience and high vulnerability to soil removal (Hopper ; Le Stradic et al ), requiring restoration once they have been degraded (Urbanska & Chambers ).…”