Ocimum sanctum Linn. ethanolic extract inhibits angiogenesis in human lung adenocarcinoma (a549) cells

Abstract

Background and Aim: Ocimum sanctum (OS) is a herbal plant, which is easy to find and is widely used as an alternative medication. The previous studies have shown that several species of OS extract have therapeutic properties, and in some cases, antitumor properties. Furthermore, several data have shown the antiproliferative effects of OS extract in cases of breast cancer, human fibrosarcoma, and oral cancer. Lung adenocarcinoma is a major cause of male cancer worldwide; however, the effect of OS (of Indonesian origin) on the metastasis of human alveolar pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the antiangiogenic effects of OS ethanolic extract in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Materials and Methods: An angiogenesis assay was performed by seeding A549 cells on extracellular matrix solution and observing tube formation using an inverted microscope. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for αvβ3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 was performed by analyzing the cell lysate after a given treatment. Results: OS ethanolic extract significantly inhibited tube formation of A549 cells and suppressed the expression of integrin αvβ3, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that OS ethanolic extract disrupts angiogenesis of A549 cells, which may result from the disruption of cell migration and proliferation as a consequence of downregulation of αvβ3, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Taken together, OS ethanolic extract may represent a good therapeutic candidate for the treatment of metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. Further studies are warranted to further establish the efficacy of OS in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

Recent Advances in Anti-Metastatic Approaches of Herbal Medicines in 5 Major Cancers: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery

“…Consequently, inhibition of migration and angiogenesis of A549 cells were observed. As a result, OS ethanol extract is suggested as a potential application of pulmonary metastasis treatment [ 47 ]. Breeta et al reported that the Thuja orientalis L. extract at different concentrations has the ability to inhibit the cancer cell growth and progression by inhibiting angiogenesis.…”

Ocimum sanctum Linn. Ethanolic extract promotes an antiproliferative and apoptosis activity in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines mediated by upregulation of ROS/RNS, Caspase 9, and Caspase 3: an in silico and in vitro study

“…Studies have revealed the potential of EEOS as an anticancer drug candidate. EEOS can induce apoptotic activity through the mitochondrial pathway 12 and inhibit angiogenesis of the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, 13 EEOS inhibits invasion and reduces the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 HN4 and carcinoma head and neck squamous cells HN12, 16 EEOS has cytotoxic ability against leukemia cells K562 17 and oral cancer cell line Ca9-22. 18 In this study, EEOS demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect against the MCF-7 and T47D human breast carcinoma cell lines.…”

“…11 However, relatively few studies have investigated the biological activity underlying the cytotoxic effect of EEOS treatment in altering the survival of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells through the synergistic induction of apoptosis signaling via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, 12 the ethanolic extract of OS inhibited A549 cell angiogenesis by how to reduce the expression of αvβ3 integrins, MMP-2, and MMP-9. 13 To provide scientific justification for the use of herbal medicines, it is necessary to record and publish preclinical evidence and clinical-based research. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the ability of the ethanolic extract of O. sanctum Linn leaves as an anticancer agent in breast cancer cells, mainly to prove the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells.…”

Ocimum sanctum Linn. Ethanolic extract promotes an antiproliferative and apoptosis activity in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines mediated by upregulation of ROS/RNS, Caspase 9, and Caspase 3: an in silico and in vitro study

“…Studies have revealed the potential of EEOS as an anticancer drug candidate. EEOS can induce apoptotic activity through the mitochondrial pathway 12 and inhibit angiogenesis of the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, 13 EEOS inhibits invasion and reduces the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 HN4 and carcinoma head and neck squamous cells HN12, 16 EEOS has cytotoxic ability against leukemia cells K562 17 and oral cancer cell line Ca9-22. 18 In this study, EEOS demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect against the MCF-7 and T47D human breast carcinoma cell lines.…”

“…11 However, relatively few studies have investigated the biological activity underlying the cytotoxic effect of EEOS treatment in altering the survival of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells through the synergistic induction of apoptosis signaling via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, 12 the ethanolic extract of OS inhibited A549 cell angiogenesis by how to reduce the expression of αvβ3 integrins, MMP-2, and MMP-9. 13 To provide scientific justification for the use of herbal medicines, it is necessary to record and publish preclinical evidence and clinical-based research. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the ability of the ethanolic extract of O. sanctum Linn leaves as an anticancer agent in breast cancer cells, mainly to prove the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells.…”