Ocimum sanctum leaf extracts stimulate insulin secretion from perfused pancreas, isolated islets and clonal pancreatic β-cells

Abstract

Ocimum sanctum leaves have previously been reported to reduce blood glucose when administered to rats and humans with diabetes. In the present study, the effects of ethanol extract and five partition fractions of O. sanctum leaves were studied on insulin secretion together with an evaluation of their mechanisms of action. The ethanol extract and each of the aqueous, butanol and ethylacetate fractions stimulated insulin secretion from perfused rat pancreas, isolated rat islets and a clonal rat -cell line in a concentration-dependent manner. The stimulatory effects of ethanol extract and each of these partition fractions were potentiated by glucose, isobutylmethylxanthine, tolbutamide and a depolarizing concentration of KCl.Inhibition of the secretory effect was observed with diazoxide, verapamil and Ca 2+ removal. In contrast, the stimulatory effects of the chloroform and hexane partition fractions were associated with decreased cell viability and were unaltered by diazoxide and verapamil. The ethanol extract and the five fractions increased intracellular Ca 2+ in clonal BRIN-BD11 cells, being partly attenuated by the addition of verapamil. These findings indicated that constituents of O. sanctum leaf extracts have stimulatory effects on physiological pathways of insulin secretion which may underlie its reported antidiabetic action.

Antidyslipidemic Effect of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

“…It regulate carbohydrate metabolism in STZ induced diabetes in rats [20]. The glucose lowering effects of O. sanctum leaf was found to be mediated through its insulin secretagogues effects on pancreas [21]. The phytochemical studies showed that O. sanctum contains a variety of medicinal-chemical compounds.…”

Biosynthesis Of Bimetallic Au-Ag Nanoparticles Using Ocimum Basilicum (L.) With Antidiabetic And Antimicrobial Properties

“…The global prevalence was estimated at 2.8% in 2000 (171 million people) [1], 382 million people in 2013 and estimated to reach 55% (592 million people) by 2035 if no concerted effort is done to eliminate the progression [2]. The reasons for this include changes in lifestyle associated with urbanization, modernization [3], growth of aged population, increasing trends towards obesity, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyles [4], with hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, genetics and various forms of cancer among the factors contributing to the estimated rise [5,6]. The main challenge in treating DM is that it is no longer treated as a single disorder, but as a collection of conditions with a common result of hyperglycemia and resultant widespread multi-organ complications, that may occur in either two common forms, Type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IDDM) and Type II (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; NIDDM) [7].…”

Antioxidant Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ocimum sanctum Against Cadmium Induced Toxicity in Rats

“…Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Labiatae), commonly known as holy basil, is an herbaceous plant found throughout the South Asian region [10]. The oil of Ocimum sanctum possesses antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and radioprotective properties [11].…”