Ochratoxin A in human blood and Balkan endemic nephropathy

Hult, Karl; Pleština, R.; Habazin-Novak, Vlasta; Radić, Božica; Čeović, Stjepan

doi:10.1007/bf00317010

Cited by 140 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Extensive studies were undertaken and a large number of samples of human blood from this region were analysed. Between 6% and 26% of the samples contained OTA in the range of 1±35 ng OTA/ml blood (Petkova-Bocharova et al 1988) and 1±40 ng OTA/ml serum (Hult et al 1982). In studies carried out in other countries, OTA has been found in most human blood samples (see Table 1), when sensitive analytical methods have been used, and OTA levels in areas endemic for BEN and UTT do not appear to be signi®cantly higher than those found in healthy adults elsewhere in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…IARC has classi®ed ochratoxin A as``possibly carcinogenic to humans '' (IARC 1993). Ochratoxin in human serum was ®rst looked for in the Balkan area (Hult et al 1982;Petkova-Bocharova et al 1988) because it was thought to be a major factor contributing to the induction of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and urothelial tract tumors (UTT). Indeed, the results of a recent epidemiological study suggest that the occurrence of BEN and UTT are highly correlated and that the occurrence of the diseases coincides with high OTA exposure (Nikolov et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic parameters and intraindividual fluctuations of ochratoxin A plasma levels in humans

Studer-Rohr

Schlatter

Dietrich

2000

Archives of Toxicology

222

139

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The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a rodent carcinogen produced by species of the ubiquitous fungal genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. OTA is found in a variety of food items and as a consequence is also found in human plasma (average concentrations found in this study: 0.1±1 ng OTA/ml plasma). To improve the scienti®c basis for cancer risk assessment the toxicokinetic pro®le of OTA was studied in one human volunteer following ingestion of 395 ng 3 H-labeled OTA (3.8 lCi). A two-compartment open model consisting of a central compartment was found to best describe the in vivo data. This two-compartment model consisted of a fast elimination and distribution phase (T 1/2 about 20 h) followed by a slow elimination phase (renal clearance about 0.11 ml/min.) and a calculated plasma half-life of 35.55 days. This half-life was approximately eight times longer than that determined previously in rats. In addition, the intraindividual¯uctuation of OTA plasma levels was investigated in eight individuals over a period of 2 months. The concentrations determined ranged between 0.2 and 0.9 ng OTA/ml plasma. The plasma levels in some individuals remained nearly constant over time, while others varied considerably (e.g. increase of 0.4 ng/ml within 3 days, decrease of 0.3 ng/ml within 5 days) during the observation period. This intraindividual¯uctuation in OTA plasma levels, which may represent di erences in OTA exposure and/or metabolism, as well as the large di erence in plasma half-life in humans compared to rats must be taken into consideration when the results of rat cancer study data are extrapolated to humans for risk assessment purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic parameters and intraindividual fluctuations of ochratoxin A plasma levels in humans

Studer-Rohr

Schlatter

Dietrich

2000

Archives of Toxicology

222

139

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“…Ochratoxin A in blood as a possible indicator of human disease OTA was first detected in human blood serum samples collected in 1977 in Germany (Bauer & Gareis 1987) and in 1980 in former Yugoslavia (Croatia) (Hult et al 1982). In these and later analyses of samples in Croatia, no difference was apparent in concentration and prevalence of OTA in blood between villages where Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) was endemic and non-endemic villages (Radić et al 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of human exposure to ochratoxin A

Scott

2005

Food Additives & Contaminants

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“…When inspected under UV light, brain tissue showed fluorescence, which is characteristic for the ochratoxin A presence (results not shown). The serum level of ochratoxin A was measured according to Hult et al (1982) and was found to be 285 ± 16 ng/ml, following 35 days of treatment. Table 1 presents the distribution of the selected enzyme activities in the brain regions of control rats.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ochratoxin A Treatment on the Activity of Membrane Bound Enzymes in Rat Brain Regions

Žanić‐Grubišić¹,

Santini²,

Čepelak³

et al. 1996

Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler

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Ochratoxin A is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus ochraceus and is a natural contaminant of mouldy food. We examined the neuroactive potential of ochratoxin A by measuring the changes in the activities of several membrane bound, cytoplasmic and lysosomal enzymes in the brain of adult female rats, following subchronic application of ochratoxin A. The activities of both soluble and membrane bound fractions of ecto-5'nucleotidase, ecto-Ca

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Ochratoxin A in human blood and Balkan endemic nephropathy

Cited by 140 publications

References 6 publications

Kinetic parameters and intraindividual fluctuations of ochratoxin A plasma levels in humans

Kinetic parameters and intraindividual fluctuations of ochratoxin A plasma levels in humans

Biomarkers of human exposure to ochratoxin A

Influence of Ochratoxin A Treatment on the Activity of Membrane Bound Enzymes in Rat Brain Regions

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