Oceanic anoxic events, photic-zone euxinia, and controversy of sea-level fluctuations during the Middle-Late Devonian

Kabanov, Pavel; Hauck, Tyler E.; Gouwy, Sofie; Grasby, Stephen E.; Boon, Annique van der

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104415

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 296 publications

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“…Alternatively, plants could have played a minor, amplifying and predominantly regional role in exacerbating anoxia (Kabanov et al, 2023) -this could also fit with the Winsenberg record, which records regional conditions in the hinterland.…”

Section: Implications For the Cause Of The Kellwasser Crisismentioning

confidence: 71%

“…A similar scenario has also been proposed for the Hangenberg Crisis at the end of the Devonian (Qie et al, 2023). Detrital pulses preceding Devonian anoxic events have been inferred for, both for the Kellwasser (Lash, 2017) and earlier Middle-Late Devonian anoxic events (Kabanov et al, 2023), although their interpretations differ (sea-level fall vs enhanced continental weathering). In pelagic settings of the Rhenish Massif, the spore influx was reduced prior to the UKW (Hartkopf-Fröder et al, 2007), which does not fit with an increased terrestrial influx to the oceans.…”

Section: Timing Of the Kellwasser Crisis Relative To The Long-term Ec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An orbitally-mediated stable wet period may have created the optimal conditions for seed plants to colonise the continents. Widespread LIP and arc volcanism also has the potential to increase silicate weathering efficiency via CO2 outgassing that increases temperatures, as well as the emplacement of readily weathered fresh basalts in the case of continental volcanism (Racki, 2020;Kabanov et al, 2023). Volcanism, therefore, has the potential to cause a similar 'top-down'-induced anoxia.…”

Section: Implications For the Cause Of The Kellwasser Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both events are associated with short-term transgressive episodes (e.g., Becker et al, 2016a;Mottequin and Poty, 2016). The ultimate cause of the Kellwasser Crisis remains debated: e.g., extensive volcanism (Racki, 1999;Ma et al, 2016;Racki et al, 2018;Racki, 2020;Kabanov et al, 2023), climatic cooling (Copper, 1986;Joachimski andBuggisch, 1993, 2002;Song et al, 2017;Huang et al, 2018;Pier et al, 2021), and land-plant induced eutrophication (Algeo et al, 1995;Algeo and Scheckler, 1998;De Vleeschouwer et al, 2017). Several of the proposed mechanism are not mutually exclusive and combinations of causes have often been suggested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Astronomically-paced climate and carbon-cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis

Wichern¹,

Bialik²,

Nohl³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Repeated carbon isotope excursions and widespread organic-rich shale deposition mark the Middle and Late Devonian series. Various explanations such as extensive volcanism and land plant evolution have been given for these perturbations and the general sensitivity of the Devonian to oceanic anoxia, but their repeated nature suggests that astronomical forcing may have controlled their timing. Here, a cyclostratigraphic study of the Kellwasser Crisis at the Frasnian-Famennian stage boundary (ca. 372 Ma) is carried out. The Kellwasser Crisis was one of the most ecologically impactful of the Devonian perturbations and is ranked among the ‘Big Five’ Phanerozoic mass extinctions. The studied site is the Winsenberg Road Cut section in the Rhenish Massif, Germany, which represents a quiet tropical shelf basin setting. Centimetre-scale elemental records, generated by portable X-Ray scanning, allow for testing of the hypothesis that a 2.4 Myr eccentricity node preceded the Upper Kellwasser event. The study’s results are supportive of this hypothesis. We find enhanced chemical weathering (K2O/Al2O3) during the period leading up to the Upper Kellwasser, and a peak in distal detrital input (SiO2/CaO) and riverine runoff (TiO2/Al2O3) just prior to the start of the Upper Kellwasser. We interpret this pattern as the long-term eccentricity minimum facilitating excessive regolith build-up in the absence of strong seasonal contrasts. The Earth’s system coming out of this node would have rapidly intensified the hydrological cycle, causing these nutrient-rich regoliths to be eroded and washed away to the oceans where they resulted in eutrophication and anoxia. An astronomical control on regional climate is observed beyond this single crisis. Wet-dry cycles were paced by 405-kyr eccentricity, with both the Lower and Upper Kellwasser events taking place during comparatively drier times. A precessional-forced monsoonal climate system prevailed on shorter timescales. Intensification of this monsoonal system following the node may have caused the widespread regolith erosion. We estimate the total duration of the Kellwasser Crisis at ca. 900 kyr, with the individual events lasting for ca. 250 and 100 kyr, respectively. If astronomical control indeed operated via regolith build up in monsoonal climates, land plants may have played an important role. Not by certain evolutionary steps triggering specific perturbations, but by permanently strengthening the climatic response to orbital forcing via soil development – creating soils thick enough to meaningfully respond to orbital forcing – and intensifying the hydrological cycle.

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Section: Implications For the Cause Of The Kellwasser Crisismentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Timing Of the Kellwasser Crisis Relative To The Long-term Ec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For the Cause Of The Kellwasser Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Astronomically-paced climate and carbon-cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis

Wichern¹,

Bialik²,

Nohl³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The extrinsic causal mechanism for the mass extinction remains a topic of ongoing debate, with rapid afforestation, volcanism, global cooling, and transgression among the most speculated triggers (Algeo et al, 1995;Bond & Wignall, 2008;Joachimski & Buggisch, 2002;Lu et al, 2019;Racki et al, 2018). Ongoing discussion also continues around the direct kill mechanism, bringing forward multiple hypotheses such as sulfide poisoning (Chen et al, 2013) and ocean acidification (Kabanov et al, 2023;Zeng et al, 2011). However, there is a broad consensus that the Late Devonian marine environment is overall reducing, leading to prolonged oxygen stress that is considered to be a significant contributing factor to taxonomic and ecological turnovers of marine organisms (Boyer et al, 2021;Carmichael et al, 2019;Lu, Lu, Ikejiri, Sun, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid biomarkers recording marine microbial community structure changes through the Frasnian‐Famennian mass extinction event

Chen

Hogancamp

et al. 2023

Geobiology

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Studying the response and recovery of marine microbial communities during mass extinction events provides an evolutionary window through which to understand the adaptation and resilience of the marine ecosystem in the face of significant environmental disturbances. The goal of this study is to reconstruct changes in the marine microbial community structure through the Late Devonian Frasnian‐Famennian (F‐F) transition. We performed a multiproxy investigation on a drill core of the Upper Devonian New Albany Shale from the Illinois Basin (western Kentucky, USA). Aryl isoprenoids show green sulfur bacteria expansion and associated photic zone euxinia (PZE) enhancement during the F‐F interval. These changes can be attributed to augmented terrigenous influxes, as recorded collectively by the long‐chain/short‐chain normal alkane ratio, carbon preference index, C30 moretane/C30 hopane, and diahopane index. Hopane/sterane ratios reveal a more pronounced dominance of eukaryotic over prokaryotic production during the mass extinction interval. Sterane distributions indicate that the microalgal community was primarily composed of green algae clades, and their dominance became more pronounced during the F‐F interval and continued to rise in the subsequent periods. The 2α‐methylhopane index values do not show an evident shift during the mass extinction interval, whereas the 3β‐methylhopane index values record a greater abundance of methanotrophic bacteria during the extinction interval, suggesting enhanced methane cycling due to intensified oxygen depletion. Overall, the Illinois Basin during the F‐F extinction experienced heightened algal productivity due to intensified terrigenous influxes, exhibiting similarities to contemporary coastal oceans that are currently undergoing globalized cultural eutrophication. The observed microbial community shifts associated with the F‐F environmental disturbances were largely restricted to the extinction interval, which suggests a relatively stable, resilient marine microbial ecosystem during the Late Devonian.

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Vivianite oxidation is not photocatalyzed

Liu,

Wang,

Bowden

et al. 2024

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Oceanic anoxic events, photic-zone euxinia, and controversy of sea-level fluctuations during the Middle-Late Devonian

Cited by 13 publications

References 296 publications

Astronomically-paced climate and carbon-cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis

Astronomically-paced climate and carbon-cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis

Lipid biomarkers recording marine microbial community structure changes through the Frasnian‐Famennian mass extinction event

Vivianite oxidation is not photocatalyzed

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