Ocean water channel modeling and estimation of power link budget for underwater wireless link

Kumar, Ashwani; Prince, Shanthi; Vedachalam, N.

doi:10.1109/wispnet.2017.8299987

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The values of extinction coefficient c (⅄) at wavelength (⅄=532nm) green color from table (7) have been improved than this in table (1) which related to ref. [14] and it was calculated by the equations of absorption and scattering phenomena through these references [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Numerical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

“…[14] and it was calculated by the equations of absorption and scattering phenomena through these references [18][19][20][21][22][23]. From Figures (18,19 and 20) for the three types of LOS link configurations: P2P LOS, Diffused LOS and MRR LOS for clear ocean water c (⅄) =0.09312 m -1 at wavelength (⅄=470nm) blue color it was concluded that as the transmitted power increases as the feasible communication link range increases compared these results with that in [7]. From Figures (21,22 and 23) for the three types of LOS link configurations: P2P LOS, Diffused LOS and MRR LOS for coastal ocean water c (⅄) =0.31118 m -1 at wavelength (⅄=532nm) green color it was concluded that as the transmitted power increases as the feasible communication link range increases compared these results with that in [7].…”

Section: Numerical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

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Feasibility Analysis of Line of Sight (LOS) Underwater Wireless Optical Communications (UWOCs) via Link Budget

Zayed,

Shokair,

Elagooz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Optical Wireless Communications (OWCs) are capable of handling large data rate in the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) at low latency to be suitable for real time image and video applications. This paper presents communication link feasibility via link budget to determine the link communication range for three types of line-of-sight link configurations: point to point, diffused and modulating retro reflector link. The main aim of this paper studies a more realistic power link budget which is developed to take into account the following: LED Photo Source Lambertian radiation model, Beer Lambert pass loss model that includes absorption and scattering effects of water types, Spherical wave propagation model, photo detector which is modeled by active area model, transmitter projection optics (PO) gain and receiver collection optics (CO) gain. Moreover, this paper considers the effects of aquatic channels ‘scattering and absorption by using IM-DD OOK intensity modulation direct detection, LED and LD –PS based transmitter and SiPM-PD based receiver. The impact of different underwater environment, transmitter and receiver parameters will be investigated on the communication link range. Its range on the order of tens of meters could be achieved by the three link configurations. It is concluded from the analysis; line of sight point to point provides more communication range than diffused line of sight. Diffused line of sight is used when it is required to multicast from a node to several nodes. Modulating retro reflector provides moderate communication range and it is used when one party has more resources than the other one on the communication link. For medium distances, is determined by up to a hundred meter by placing multiple relay nodes between source node and destination node. The communication range is increased as increasing the active physical area of photodetector and transmitted power. The communication range in both clear sea water and clear ocean water is higher turbid water which is less since optical water suffers from higher attenuation. By using the multi hop concept, extended communication link range can be achieved.

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Section: Numerical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Numerical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

Feasibility Analysis of Line of Sight (LOS) Underwater Wireless Optical Communications (UWOCs) via Link Budget

Zayed,

Shokair,

Elagooz

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While RF electromagnetic waves suffer more attenuation and drastically reduce the communication link length to a few meters [4,5]. UWOCs can support real time higher data rate up to several Gbps such as imaging and video surveillance with high definition and control of remote operated vehicles (ROVs) in range hundreds of meters [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that a receiver's sensitivity increases with increasing the received power. Power link budget is developed using Beer Lambert model for different wavelengths, for different ocean water types and transmitted power includes absorption and scattering effects in [7]. In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility analysis of line of sight (LOS) underwater wireless optical communications (UWOCs) via link budget

Zayed,

Shokair,

Elagooz

et al. 2024

Opt Quant Electron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Optical Wireless Communications (OWCs) are capable of handling large data rate in the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) at low latency to be suitable for real time image and video applications. This paper presents communication link feasibility via link budget to determine the link communication range for three types of line-ofsight link configurations: point to point, diffused and modulating retro reflector link. The main aim of this paper studies a more realistic power link budget which is developed to take into account the following: LED Photo Source Lambertian radiation model, Beer Lambert pass loss model that includes absorption and scattering effects of water types, Spherical wave propagation model, photo detector which is modeled by active area model, transmitter projection optics (PO) gain and receiver collection optics (CO) gain. Moreover, this paper considers the effects of aquatic channels 'scattering and absorption by using IM-DD OOK intensity modulation direct detection, LED and LD -PS based transmitter and SiPM-PD based receiver. The impact of different underwater environment, transmitter and receiver parameters will be investigated on the communication link range. Its range on the order of tens of meters could be achieved by the three link configurations. It is concluded from the analysis; line of sight point to point provides more communication range than diffused line of sight. Diffused line of sight is used when it is required to multicast from a node to several nodes. Modulating retro reflector provides moderate communication range and it is used when one party has more resources than the other one on the communication link. For medium distances, is determined by up to a hundred meter by placing multiple relay nodes between source node and destination node. The communication range is increased as increasing the active physical area of photodetector and transmitted power. The communication range in both clear sea water and clear ocean water is higher turbid water which is less since optical water suffers from higher attenuation. By using the multi hop concept, extended communication link range can be achieved.

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“…Several researchers have focused their research interests on the influence of such vibrations to antenna and communication. [1][2][3][4] Bahattin et al [5] analyzed effects of the platform vibration on the cylindrical array IFF antennas to improve the accuracy of radar. Emily et al [6] and Ian et al [7] studied the chaotic vibration caused by aircraft and managed to reduce the effect by applying monopole antennas or Chebyshev or minimum-variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Influence of Mechanical Vibration on Radio Wave Propagation

Zhou,

Sun,

Han

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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The mechanical vibration of antenna might cause vibration of the path loss of the electric wave propagation, especially under high electric wave frequencies. In this paper, the impact of mechanical vibration on wireless communication path loss in 5G communication is analyzed, including sub 6GHz and mmWave frequencies. An experimental method is proposed including suggested antenna types, positions and frequencies and a series of experiments were conducted. Two types of antennas and one vibrating table are used to set different mechanical vibration and antenna situations. Three hundred received voltages are collected through self-control system to calculate range, standard deviation and median as path loss statistical identity. It is concluded that the amplitude and direction of mechanical vibration will largely affect the range and standard deviation of path loss. But other parameters like frequency will not, especially median. Higher frequency of radio signal will cause more sensitive path loss to mechanical vibration. And by analysis, multipath characteristc is the reason that path loss of omnidirectional antenna is more volatile than directional antenna. With the application of 5G, the path loss fluctuation caused by mechanical vibration is a negative factor, and it is necessary to mitigate its negative impact.

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Ocean water channel modeling and estimation of power link budget for underwater wireless link

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Feasibility Analysis of Line of Sight (LOS) Underwater Wireless Optical Communications (UWOCs) via Link Budget

Feasibility Analysis of Line of Sight (LOS) Underwater Wireless Optical Communications (UWOCs) via Link Budget

Feasibility analysis of line of sight (LOS) underwater wireless optical communications (UWOCs) via link budget

Research on the Influence of Mechanical Vibration on Radio Wave Propagation

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