Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics

Saido, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382182-9.00005-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…1 The vast majority of all those marine debris is plastic materials and many of them are made of PET. According to Azzarello and Van Vleet (1987), Derraik (2002), Moore (2008), Saido (2014), and Sazima et al (2002) plastic debris create a direct threat to wildlife, with many and varied species documented as being negatively impacted by those small plastic items. The main danger for most marine species is ingestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How consumers of plastic water bottles are responding to environmental policies?

Orset

Barret²,

Lemaire³

2017

Waste Management

100

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4Although plastic induces environmental damages, almost all water bottles are made from 5 plastic and the consumption never stops increasing. This study evaluates the consumers' 6 willingness to pay (WTP) for different plastics used for water packaging. Successive messages 7 emphasizing the characteristics of plastic are delivered to participants allowing explaining 8 the influence of information on the consumers' WTP. We find that information has a mani-9 fest effect on WTP. We show there is a significant premium associated with recycled plastic 10 packaging and organic and biodegradable plastic packaging. As there is no consensus on the 11 plastic which is the most or the least dangerous for the environment, we propose different 12 policies for protecting the environment. We discuss about the impact of these policies on

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How consumers of plastic water bottles are responding to environmental policies?

Orset

Barret²,

Lemaire³

2017

Waste Management

100

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“…For the determination of PS due to styrene oligomers (SOs) generated by PS degradation, over 4,000 sand and water samples from coastlines and open oceans, from the surface to 5,000 m deep, and from 26 countries and isolated islands were examined at different times. All samples were shown to contain SOs, bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalate (PAE). − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micronesia,and (25) Bermuda. Drifting and on-shore debris plastics were visibly observed on all surveyed coasts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Drifting Polystyrene Degradation in World Oceans Based on Thermal Decomposition

Kimukai¹,

Koizumi

Taguchi

et al. 2022

ACS EST Water

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The accumulation of plastic litter in natural environments has become a serious global issue. Since 1972, mega to micro/nanosized drifting plastics have been determined to be highly a significant pollutant in all oceans worldwide. To clarifying numerous problems such as entanglement or improper ingestion due to drifting and debris plastic, the amounts of currently drifting plastics should be determined. For this purpose, chemicals derived from polystyrene (PS) degradation were analyzed for 4000 sand and water samples taken from around the world including open sea sites (surface to 5000 m depth) during the period from 2000 to 2018. All styrene oligomers (SOs) of styrene (styrene monomer, SM), 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene (styrene dimer, SD2), and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (styrene trimer, ST) were found to contain products from PS degradation. On the basis of survey SO values, 1.4 × 109 metric tons (MT) of SO were found to have been released into world oceans between 1950 and 2018. This SO subsequently underwent conversion to 2.7 × 106 MT of PS. Twenty percent underwent degradation, while 1.2 × 107 MT of PS apparently continued to drift about in ocean water. Drifting PS has been clearly shown not only to be crushed into micro/nanoplastic particles but also to degrade into basic structural units of SOs constituting PS.

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Plastics in the Oceans

2015

Plastics and Environmental Sustainability

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Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

How consumers of plastic water bottles are responding to environmental policies?

How consumers of plastic water bottles are responding to environmental policies?

Predicting Drifting Polystyrene Degradation in World Oceans Based on Thermal Decomposition

Plastics in the Oceans

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