Ocean acidification decreases mussel byssal attachment strength and induces molecular byssal responses

Zhao, Xinguo; Guo, Cheng; Han, Yu; Che, Zhumei; Wang, Yichen; Wang, Xiying; Chai, Xueliang; Wu, Hongxi; Liu, Guangxu

doi:10.3354/meps11992

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…DOPA is a major component of byssal threads that is involved in cross-linking and adhesion. A similar response was found in the mussel Mytilus coruscus (Zhao et al, 2017). Decreased pH (tested at a range of pH NBS values from 8.1 to 7.4) led to a decrease in byssal thread breaking force and toughness, as well as a reduction in the number of threads produced.…”

Section: Adhesionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Decreased pH (tested at a range of pH NBS values from 8.1 to 7.4) led to a decrease in byssal thread breaking force and toughness, as well as a reduction in the number of threads produced. Incorporating mechanical data with thread counts per mussel, Zhao et al (2017) predicted a 60-65% reduction in attachment tenacity. Reduced seawater pH also led to significant alteration in expression of byssal thread related genes, thereby providing a mechanism that, in combination with direct effects of pH on DOPA chemistry, could explain the response of byssal threads to reduced pH.…”

Section: Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of reduced seawater pH or associated changes in carbonate chemistry (i.e., reduced calcium carbonate saturation states) have previously been found to affect adhesion and shell formation in other marine invertebrates. For example, in marine mussels reduced pH led to diminished attachment strength and changes in the expression of proteins that comprise the byssus and adhesive plaques (O'Donnell et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2017). Alterations in calcification, growth, and shell properties resulting from decreased pH or calcium carbonate saturation states have been documented in a broad range of calcifying organisms (Kroeker et al, 2010;Kroeker et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite

et al. 2018

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Barnacles are dominant members of marine intertidal communities. Their success depends on firm attachment provided by their proteinaceous adhesive and protection imparted by their calcified shell plates. Little is known about how variations in the environment affect adhesion and shell formation processes in barnacles. Increased levels of atmospheric CO 2 have led to a reduction in the pH of ocean waters (i.e., ocean acidification), a trend that is expected to continue into the future. Here, we assessed if a reduction in seawater pH, at levels predicted within the next 200 years, would alter physiology, adhesion, and shell formation in the cosmopolitan barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite. Juvenile barnacles, settled on silicone substrates, were exposed to one of three static levels of pH T , 8.01, 7.78, or 7.50, for 13 weeks. We found that barnacles were robust to reduced pH, with no effect of pH on physiological metrics (mortality, tissue mass, and presence of eggs). Likewise, adhesive properties (adhesion strength and adhesive plaque gross morphology) were not affected by reduced pH. Shell formation, however, was affected by seawater pH. Shell mass and base plate area were higher in barnacles exposed to reduced pH; barnacles grown at pH T 8.01 exhibited approximately 30% lower shell mass and 20% smaller base plate area as compared to those at pH T 7.50 or 7.78. Enhanced growth at reduced pH appears to be driven by the increased size of the calcite crystals that comprise the shell. Despite enhanced growth, mechanical properties of the base plate (but not the parietal plates) were compromised at the lowest pH level. Barnacle base plates at pH T 7.50 broke more easily and crack propagation, measured through microhardness testing, was significantly affected by seawater pH. Other shell metrics (plate thickness, relative crystallinity, and atomic disorder) were not affected by seawater pH. Hence, a reduction in pH resulted in larger barnacles but with base plates

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Section: Adhesionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite

et al. 2018

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“…Zhao et al found that the force required to break individual threads was reduced by 26%, 41.8%, and 23.9% after a week exposure to 1,207 μatm pCO 2 (~7.80 pH), 1976 μatm pCO 2 (~7.60 pH), and 3140 μatm pCO 2 (~7.40 pH) treatments respectively. They also reported a reduction in thread production by 45.9%, 31.1%, 56.3% for the above treatments respectively [ 28 ]. It should be noted that the strength tests performed by Zhao et al were performed on dry threads at room temperature while most prior studies tested the threads in seawater [ 4 , 11 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of ocean acidification on the byssal threads of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)

et al. 2018

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Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) produce byssal threads to anchor themselves to the substrate. These threads are always exposed to the surrounding environmental conditions. Understanding how environmental pH affects these threads is crucial in understanding how climate change can affect mussels. This work examines three factors (load at failure, thread extensibility, and total thread counts) that indicate the performance of byssal threads as well as condition index to assess impacts on the physiological condition of mussels held in artificial seawater acidified by the addition of CO2. There was no significant variation between the control (~786 μatm CO2 / ~7.98 pH/ ~2805 μmol kg-1 total alkalinity) and acidified (~2555 μatm CO2 / ~7.47 pH/ ~2650 μmol kg-1 total alkalinity) treatment groups in any of these factors. The results of this study suggest that ocean acidification by CO2 addition has no significant effect on the quality and performance of threads produced by M. edulis.

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“…The current surface seawater pH is approximately 8.1-8.2 and is predicted to decrease to 7.7-7.8 by 2100 and 7.3-7.4 by 2300 [4,5]. OA can affect the fertilization [6], embryonic development, metabolism [7], behavior [8][9][10], and immunity [11] of various marine organisms; threatens the survival and reproduction of marine animals; and damages global marine biodiversity and ecosystem stability [12][13][14][15]. Acidification negatively affects the early developmental stage of abalones Haliotis diversicolor and significantly reduces the survival rate of larvae [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the early development of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus

et al. 2020

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Ocean acidification has become serious, and seawater hypoxia has become evident in acidified waters. The combination of such stressors may have interactive effects on the fitness of marine organisms. In order to investigate the interactive effects of seawater acidification and hypoxia on the early development of marine bivalves, the eggs and sperm of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus were exposed to combined treatments of pH (8.1, 7.7, 7.3) and dissolved oxygen (2, 6 mg/L) for 96 h culture observation to investigate the interactive effects of seawater acidification and hypoxia on the early development of marine bivalves. Results showed that acidification and hypoxia had significant negative effects on various parameters of the early development of the thick shell mussel. However, hypoxia had no effect on fertilization rate. Significant interactions between acidification and hypoxia were observed during the experiment. Short-term exposure negatively influenced the early development of the thick shell mussel but did not affect its survival. The effects of long-term exposure to these two environmental stresses need further study.

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Ocean acidification decreases mussel byssal attachment strength and induces molecular byssal responses

Cited by 64 publications

References 38 publications

Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite

Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite

The impact of ocean acidification on the byssal threads of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)

Combined effects of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the early development of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus

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