Occurrence, predictors and hazards of elevated groundwater arsenic across India through field observations and regional-scale AI-based modeling

Mukherjee, Abhijit; Sarkar, S.; Chakraborty, M.; Duttagupta, Srimanti; Bhattacharya, Anandaroop; Saha, Dipankar; Bhattacharya, Prosun; Mitra, Adway; Gupta, Saibal

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143511

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Areas predicted to be at no risk are north and southern Bihar and north and southwestern West Bengal. These predictions match field-observed data of As occurrence in groundwater (further model performance results can be found in Mukherjee et al, 2020) [24]. Districts such as Gaya, Jamui and Nawada in Bihar, and Alipurduar, Bankura, Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Paschim Bardhaman and Purulia are predicted to have very little or no risk of groundwater arsenic contamination (Figure 3).…”

Section: Prediction Of Groundwater Arsenic Concentration Using Machinsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…A 10-fold crossvalidation was used to maximize the model accuracy [22,23]. A set of 26 predictor variables for climate, geologic-geotectonic, hydrology, soil, and anthropogenic categories was initially selected based on the literature and the presumed influence on groundwater As [24]. These 26 variables were tested for correlation with groundwater As using Spearman's rank correlation test and univariate logistic regression.…”

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These 26 variables were tested for correlation with groundwater As using Spearman's rank correlation test and univariate logistic regression. Out of 26 variables, 14 satisfied both tests at 95% confidence interval and were considered for the final RF model development [24]. The final RF model was built using 1000 trees, the number of variables at each node to be picked randomly was fixed as 3 (square root of the number of predictor variables), and one-third of the training data was picked randomly, and used as out-ofbag (OOB) data for calculating model accuracy.…”

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the imbalanced nature of the dataset, down-sampling with replacement was used to achieve a balanced model performance. The RF model also calculated the relative variable importance of the variables based on the mean decrease in model classification accuracy and Gini node purity [24]. Random forest modeling and associated statistical tests with modeling were executed in the R programming environment (version 3.6.1, R Foundation, Vienna Austria).…”

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Availability of Drinking Water in the Arsenic-Affected Ganges River Basin

Duttagupta

Bhanja

Dutta

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has not only resulted in immense loss of human life, but it also rampaged across the global economy and socio-cultural structure. Worldwide, countries imposed stringent mass quarantine and lockdowns to curb the transmission of the pathogen. While the efficacy of such lockdown is debatable, several reports suggest that the reduced human activities provided an inadvertent benefit by briefly improving air and water quality. India observed a 68-days long, nation-wide, stringent lockdown between 24 March and 31 May 2020. Here, we delineate the impact of the lockdown on groundwater and river sourced drinking water sustainability in the arsenic polluted Ganges river basin of India, which is regarded as one of the largest and most polluted river basins in the world. Using groundwater arsenic measurements from drinking water wells and water quality data from river monitoring stations, we have studied ~700 km stretches of the middle and lower reaches of the As (arsenic)-polluted parts of the river for pre-lockdown (January-March 2020), syn-lockdown (April-May), and post-lockdown periods (June-July). We provide the extent of As pollution-free groundwater vis-à-vis river water and examine alleviation from lockdown as an opportunity for sustainable drinking water sources. The overall decrease of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations and increase of pH suggests a general improvement in Ganges water quality during the lockdown in contrast to pre-and-post lockdown periods, potentially caused by reduced effluent. We also demonstrate that land use (agricultural/industrial) and land cover (urban-periurban/rural) in the vicinity of the river reaches seems to have a strong influence on river pollutants. The observations provide a cautious optimistic scenario for potentially developing sustainable drinking water sources in the arsenic-affected Ganges river basin in the future by using these observations as the basis of proper scientifically prudent, spatially adaptive strategies, and technological interventions.

show abstract

Section: Prediction Of Groundwater Arsenic Concentration Using Machinsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Analysis and Random Forest Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Availability of Drinking Water in the Arsenic-Affected Ganges River Basin

Duttagupta

Bhanja

Dutta

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Emerging trends of groundwater risk and depletion across the globe have cumulatively suggested an imminent, severe crisis of freshwater availability (Rodell et al, 2018). Such crisis has been more pronounced in the northern parts of South Asia, which hosts one of the largest and densest populations in the world (MacDonald et al, 2016;Mukherjee, 2018;Mukherjee et al, 2015;Mukherjee et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope dynamics of groundwater interactions with Ganges river

Das

Mukherjee

Hussain

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Groundwater depletion has been an emerging crisis in recent years, especially in highly urbanized areas as a result of unregulated exploitation, thus leaving behind an insufficient volume of usable freshwater. Presently Ganges river basin, the sixth largest prolific fluvial system and sustaining a huge population in South Asia, is witnessed to face (i) aquifer vulnerability through surface waterborne pollutant and (ii) groundwater stress due to summer drying of river as a result of indiscriminate groundwater abstraction. The present study focuses on a detailed sub-hourly to seasonally varying interaction study and flux quantification between river Ganges and groundwater in the Indian subcontinent which is one of the first documentations done on a drying perennial river system that feeds an enormous population. Contributing parameters to the total discharge of a river at its middle course on both temporal and spatial scale is estimated through three-component hydrograph separation and end-member mixing analysis using high-resolution water isotope (δ 18 O and δ 2 H) and electrical conductivity data. Results from this model report groundwater discharge in river to be the highest in pre-monsoon, that is, 30%, whereas, during postmonsoon the contribution lowers to 25%; on the contrary, during peak monsoon, the flow direction reverses thus recharging the groundwater which is also justified using annual piezometric hydrographs of both river water and groundwater. River watergroundwater interaction also shows quantitative variability depending on river morphometry. The current study also provides insight on aquifer vulnerability as a result of pollutant mixing through interaction and plausible attempts towards groundwater management. The present study is one of the first in South Asian countries that provides temporally and spatially variable detailed quantification of baseflow and estimates contributing parameters to the river for a drying mega fluvial system.

show abstract

Comparison of different techniques in determining groundwater levels trends in Türkiye

Kartal,

Nones,

Topcu

et al. 2024

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Groundwater represents one of the largest resources of freshwater in the world. Thus, investigations of groundwater level variations due to climate change and increasing human activities are of great importance, especially in resource scarce regions. Our research aimed to understand the long‐term effects of climate events and water use on groundwater levels over the study area via Mann‐Kendall, Sen's Slope, Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (IPTA), and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) analyses. Although several studies are available in relation to GWL trend analysis via ITA, Mann‐Kendall and Sen slope in the literature, there are few IPTA studies conducted. The focus of the study was seven wells across Türkiye over the period 1987–2022. Results demonstrate that there was a downward trend in GWL in all stations annually, regardless of the method. At monthly scale, a decrease was noted, especially in June, August, and September, while seasonally, decreases were seen in autumn and winter. Moreover, it was evident the results of the Sen slope and ITA were compatible, while the IPTA was a useful tool in detecting GWL trends. Identifying and understanding GWL trends is highly valuable in informing groundwater resource managers of critical areas of overuse and other factors affecting groundwater, resulting in preventive interventions to overcome such problems and protect this critical resource.

show abstract

Occurrence, predictors and hazards of elevated groundwater arsenic across India through field observations and regional-scale AI-based modeling

Cited by 83 publications

References 58 publications

Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Availability of Drinking Water in the Arsenic-Affected Ganges River Basin

Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Availability of Drinking Water in the Arsenic-Affected Ganges River Basin

Stable isotope dynamics of groundwater interactions with Ganges river

Comparison of different techniques in determining groundwater levels trends in Türkiye

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About