Occurrence of zoonotic nematodes Pseudoterranova decipiens, Contracaecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex in cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea

Mehrdana, Foojan; Bahlool, Qusay Z.M.; Skov, Jakob; Marana, Moonika Haahr; Sindberg, Diana; Mundeling, Mai; Overgaard, Bettina C.; Korbut, Rozalia; Strøm, Sverri B.; Kania, Per W.; Buchmann, Kurt

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.027

Cited by 88 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Also, ITS-1 of LF larvae collected from H. forskahlii showed the highest similarity (78%) to the three abovementioned ITS-1 sequences of C. multipapillatum L3 (Accession numbers FM210433-FM210434-FM210435). Differently, ITS-2 sequence of the same larvae (LF L3 from H. forskahlii) showed the highest similarity (92%) to 18S-5,8S-, 28S-rDNA-cluster of Contracaecum osculatum (Rudolphi, 1802) larvae (Accession numbers KM273050) in cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea (Mehrdana, Bahlool, Skov, Marana, Sindberg, et al, 2014). Moreover, L. niloticus had SF and LF larvae.…”

Section: Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The occurrence of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in four teleostean species from Lake Nasser, Egypt: morphological and molecular studies

Younis

Saad

Rabei³

2017

JoBAZ

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Background: Nematodes of the family Anisakidae are parasites of many fishes and aquatic invertebrates which act as intermediate or paratenic hosts, while mammals and fish-eating birds are definitive hosts. Infective L3 larvae may be incidentally taken by human through eating raw or undercooked fish meat, causing anisakidosis. The main purpose of this study is to provide a basis for the future investigations to discover the genetic diversity of this widely distributed parasite nematodes of fishes and fish eating animals and their effect on fisheries and public health in Egypt and worldwide.

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Section: Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The occurrence of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in four teleostean species from Lake Nasser, Egypt: morphological and molecular studies

Younis

Saad

Rabei³

2017

JoBAZ

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“…Internal organs including cod livers were compressed in other plastic bags as described above, but because C. osculatum larvae in liver tissue do not fluoresce under UV-light, the compressed or gans were scrutinized under the dissection microscope (8−100× magnification) (Leica MZ125). Nematodes were counted, isolated and identified using light microscopy and PCR with subsequent sequencing according to Mehrdana et al (2014) as described below.…”

Section: Parasitological Investigation Of Codmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is divided into an eastern and western stock with a mixing zone around the island of Bornholm (Bagge et al 1994, Hüssy et al 2016. During recent years a marked increase in the infection level of third-stage larvae of Contracaecum osculatum and Pseudoterranova decipiens in Baltic cod has been observed (Perdiguero-Alonso et al 2008, Buchmann & Kania 2012, Haarder et al 2014, Mehrdana et al 2014, Nadolna & Podolska 2014. This development has been noted during a period with a marked increase of the grey seal Halichoerus grypus population (Haarder et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host size-dependent anisakid infection in Baltic cod Gadus morhua associated with differential food preferences

Zuo

Huwer²,

Bahlool

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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A significant increase in the infection level of Baltic cod Gadus morhua with the anisakid nematode larvae Contracaecum osculatum and Pseudoterranova decipiens has been recorded during recent years due to the expanding local population of grey seals Halichoerus grypus, which act as final hosts for these parasites. Here, we report from an investigation of 368 cod (total length [TL] 6−49 cm; caught in ICES Subdivision 25) that the infection level of juvenile cod (TL 6−30 cm) with larvae of C. osculatum and P. decipiens is absent or very low, whereas it increases drastically in larger cod (TL 31−48 cm). A third nematode Hysterothylacium aduncum was rarely found. The study indicates that the prey animals for large cod act as transport hosts for the parasite larvae. Analyses of stomach contents of cod caught in the same area (2007−2014) showed that small benthic organisms (including polychaetes Harmothoë sarsi) are preferred food items by small cod, the isopod Saduria entomon is taken by all size classes, and sprat Sprattus sprattus are common prey items for cod larger than 30 cm. Parasitological investigations (microscopic and molecular analyses) of H. sarsi (100 specimens) and S. entomon (40 specimens) did not reveal infection in these invertebrates, but 11.6% of sprat (265 specimens examined) was shown to be infected with 1−8 C. osculatum third stage larvae per fish. Analyses of sprat stomach contents confirmed that copepods and cladocerans are the main food items of sprat. These observations suggest that the C. osculatum life cycle in the Baltic Sea includes grey seals as final hosts, sprat as the first transport host and cod as second transport host. It may be speculated that sprat obtain infection by feeding on copepods and/or cladocerans, which could serve as the first intermediate hosts. One cannot exclude the possibility that the size-dependent C. osculatum infection of cod may contribute (indirectly or directly) to the differential mortality of larger cod (> 38 cm) compared to smaller cod (< 30 cm) recently recorded in the Baltic cod population.

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“…The muscle portion examined was cut off from the ventral part of the fish, and also from the belly flaps, as this is considered one of the most infected muscular regions in the fish according to Mehrdana et al (2014). The isolated worms were cleaned in saline solution (0.9% NaCl) and fixed and preserved in 70% ethanol.…”

Section: Parasitological Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of anisakid infection levels between two species of Atlantic mackerel (<em>Scomber colias</em> and <em >S. scombrus</em>) off the Atlantic Portuguese coast

et al. 2017

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Summary:Anisakiasis is a problematic zoonotic infection associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. Atlantic mackerel (Scomber colias) is of high commercial interest in Portugal and has been reported as a common host of Anisakis spp. In this study, the occurrence of anisakids is evaluated in S. colias and also Scomber scombrus, and the potential zoonotic risk associated with consumption of these two fishes is evaluated according to the recorded infection levels. These were found to be high for both fish species: a mean intensity and prevalence of 21.7 worms/fish and 85% for S. colias, and 16.4 worms/fish and 83.3% for S. scombrus, respectively. No correlation was detected between anisakid intensity and host total length, total weight, condition factor, and hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices for both fish species, but significantly higher intensity values were detected for more mature S. scombrus, i.e. fish recording a higher gonadosomatic index. Molecular tools allowed the identification of two species of Anisakis, A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii. They differed in their occurrence: in S. colias the prevalence of A. simplex (s.s.) was 18% and that of A. pegreffii was 82%, whereas in S. scombrus the prevalence of A. simplex (s.s.) was 73% and that of A. pegreffii was 27%. Occasionally, worms of Hysterothylacium aduncum were identified for both fish. The different infection levels of the two Anisakis species in both hosts off the Portuguese coast raise the hypothesis of a different life cycle at the level of the invertebrate intermediate host. S. colias lives in deeper waters than S. scombrus, and the differences found in infection levels suggest that A. pegreffii main first intermediate host also live in deeper waters, compared with A. simplex (s.s.) main first intermediate host. The higher infection levels of A. simplex (s.s.) (most infectious to humans) in S. scombrus suggest that its consumption when slightly cooked, as in grilled fish (so popular in Portugal), could be more problematic for the development of anisakiasis in humans than the consumption of S. colias and thus be of potential public health concern.Keywords: anisakids; Anisakis pegreffii; Anisakis simplex (s.s.); Atlantic mackerels; Portuguese coast; molecular identification; food safety. Comparación de los niveles de infección de anisákidos entre dos especies de caballa del Atlántico (Scomber colias y S. scombrus), de la costa atlántica portuguesaResumen: La anisakiasis es una zoonosis problemática asociada con el consumo de pescado crudo o poco cocinado. La caballa del Atlántico (Scomber colias) es un pez de mayor interés comercial en Portugal y se ha informado que es un hospedador común de Anisakis spp. En este estudio, la incidencia de anisákidos se evalúa en S. colias y Scomber scombrus, y el potencial riesgo zoonótico asociado con el consumo de estos dos peces se evalúa de acuerdo a los niveles de infección registrados. Estos se encontraron altos para ambas especies de peces -intensidad media y la prevalencia de 21.7 gu...

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Occurrence of zoonotic nematodes Pseudoterranova decipiens, Contracaecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex in cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea

Cited by 88 publications

References 37 publications

The occurrence of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in four teleostean species from Lake Nasser, Egypt: morphological and molecular studies

The occurrence of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in four teleostean species from Lake Nasser, Egypt: morphological and molecular studies

Host size-dependent anisakid infection in Baltic cod Gadus morhua associated with differential food preferences

Comparison of anisakid infection levels between two species of Atlantic mackerel (<em>Scomber colias</em> and <em >S. scombrus</em>) off the Atlantic Portuguese coast

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