Occurrence of unusual fatty acids in Ficus benghalensis seed oil

Hosamani, Kallappa M.; Pattanashettar, Raviraj S.

doi:10.1016/s0926-6690(03)00041-4

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Characterization of the whole complex of tempera constituents used in medieval painting is nevertheless difficult. Medieval tempera was a mixture of inorganic pigments and natural organic adhesive substances, such as egg yolk rich in proteins and fatty acids (Huang et al, 2003;Hosamani and Pattanashettar, 2003), fig latex which contains triterpenoids (Saeed and Sabir, 2002), animal fat (Ciferri, 1999) and other compounds, depending on the type of colour and the artist's experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterioration of medieval painting in the chapel of the Holy Nail, Siena (Italy) partially treated with Paraloid B72

Milanesi¹,

Baldi

Borin

et al. 2009

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

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Painted surfaces in the Chapel of the Holy Nail in the medieval ex-hospital of Siena show five areas of oxidation and blackening. Most were treated with Paraloid B72 acrylic resin 40 years ago. To study deterioration of the painted surfaces by scanning microscopy with X-ray dispersion microanalysis, fragments obtained from the five areas were analyzed directly and after hydration. Hydrated fragments treated with Paraloid showed a compact, shiny, impermeable surface. The acrylic resin forms a layer that inhibits interaction of the painting with the environment, including transpiration and gaseous exchange. Element composition of paint layers of different colours revealed gold, iron (oxides in ochre) and lead (oxide) tempered with lime and/or gypsum. A few microbial cells were found on all fragments. To study biological deterioration in the five areas, fragments were hydrated and incubated in minimal culture medium without added carbon source to select bacteria capable of using carbon sources in the medieval fresco. Analysis did not reveal any spores or hyphae, and excluded physical and mechanical damage. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus were isolated only from untreated samples. Paraloid resin forms an inert film over the mural, preventing access to microbes able to use nutrient sources in the painted layer. The screening of 16S rRNA libraries from enrichment cultures showed wide phylogenetic diversity. Forty-four percent of the clones retrieved from the clone library were affiliated with the order Firmicutes, confirming the prevalence of aerobic spore-formers among the colonizing microflora. Firmicutes therefore presumably produced extracellular material which made water available to other bacteria which may have converted thiosulphate in the medieval tempera to sulphur globules. Sulphur is a known oxidant of metallic pigments, in this case aluminium, which may explain the blackening of the untreated sample.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterioration of medieval painting in the chapel of the Holy Nail, Siena (Italy) partially treated with Paraloid B72

Milanesi¹,

Baldi

Borin

et al. 2009

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

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“…The PyMOL software was used for the visualization of protein-ligand interactions [26]. 13 C-NMR (DMSO; 300 Mz) 183.1 (C-4), 164.3 (C-7), 162.1 (C-5), 158.8 (C-2) 156.8 (C-4 / ), 155.7 (C-9), 128.9 (C-2 // ), 128.7 (C-2 / ), 121.4 (C-1 / ) 115.8 (C-3 / , C-5 / ), 114.9 (C-1 // ), 105.1 (C-6), 104. 8 (C-10), 102.8 (C-3), 95.2 (C-8), 77.9 (C-3 // ), 27.8 (C-4 // ), 27.8 (C-5 /// ), respectively.…”

Section: Extraction and Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various parts of Ficus benghalensis are used for the treatment of skin disease, wound healing, leucorrhea, eye disease, diabetes, and diarrhea [ 12 ]. In the folkloric system, the aerial parts of Ficus benghalensis are used for curing persisting vomiting and as antiasthmatic [ 13 – 15 ]. Ficus benghalensis leaves and stem are also reported for the treatment of various diseases [ 16 – 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Extracts and Carpachromene from the Stem of Ficus benghalensis

Ibrahim

Muhammad

Naz

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Ficus benghalensis is one of the potential medicinal plants which is used locally for the treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, antiasthmatic, and wound healing. To provide a scientific background to these folklores, the current study was designed to evaluate the extract and isolated compound against various enzymes such as ureases, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase. The methanolic extract and carpachromene demonstrated a significant urease inhibition effect with maximum percent inhibition of 72.09 and 92.87%, respectively. Regarding the tyrosinase inhibition, the percent antagonist effect of carpachromene and the methanolic extract was 84.80 and 70.98%, respectively. The phosphodiesterase was also significantly antagonized by crude extract and carpachromene with a maximum percent inhibition of 82.98% and 89.54%, respectively. The docking study demonstrated that the carpachromene fits well into the active site of all three enzymes with significant interactions. Carpachromene might possess the potential to inhibit all three enzymes and can effectively treat different diseases associated with the hyperactivity of these enzymes. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against various diseases. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against diabetes and bronchoconstriction. Further, the current study provides scientific backup to the folklore (antidiabetic and antiasthmatic) of Ficus benghalensis.

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“…Ficus benghalensis finds its use in Indian traditional (Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha) system of medicines for its protective and medicinal values. Much like its ever‐expanding branches, this tree is a potential powerhouse of immense phytochemicals with therapeutic properties (Hosamani & Pattanashettar, 2003). The aerial parts as well as the whole plant are rich in phytochemicals and nutrients which are helpful in treating various health issues and diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A holistic approach for microwave assisted solvent extraction of phenolic compounds from Ficus benghalensis fruits and its phytochemical profiling

Radhakrishnan

Venkatachalam

2020

J Food Process Engineering

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Ficus benghalensis is a fig species spread throughout Asia, especially India, which finds its place in the tradition Indian system of medicines for their renowned protective properties. This study explores the extraction and identification of phytochemicals from the fruits of Ficus benghalensis using a time‐saving nonconventional technique of microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE). The influence of independent variables (viz., solid‐solvent ratio, microwave power and irradiation time) on the maximum total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) values was analyzed and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box–Behnken Design. The maximum values of TPC (340.14 ± 0.34 mg/g) and TFC (413.64 ± 0.19 mg/g) were found at a shorter extraction time of 5 min, solid‐solvent ratio of 1:17 g/ml and microwave power of 420 W. The GC chromatogram was used for the phenolic distribution analysis and screening of the secondary metabolites. The GC spectra showed the presence of 26 biologically active secondary metabolites. 7‐tetradecenal (Z) (42.14%) was the predominant compound followed by n‐hexadecanoic acid (20.61%) and octadecanoic acid (14.07%). These compounds, along with others reportedly exhibit anticancer, antioxidant, anti‐diabetic, and antibacterial activities, thereby validating the traditional uses of the Ficus benghalensis fruit as a pharmaceutical supplement. Practical application The outcome of this work shows a time‐saving method of phytochemical extraction which can be used for extracting valuable metabolites from Ficus benghalensis fruits. Moreover, findings from this research work will aid as a baseline to facilitate future studies in the isolation and purification of the identified pharmaceutically active phytochemicals present in the Ficus benghalensis fruit extract. This can be further used to increase the fruits' bioprospecting.

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Occurrence of unusual fatty acids in Ficus benghalensis seed oil

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Deterioration of medieval painting in the chapel of the Holy Nail, Siena (Italy) partially treated with Paraloid B72

Deterioration of medieval painting in the chapel of the Holy Nail, Siena (Italy) partially treated with Paraloid B72

Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Extracts and Carpachromene from the Stem of Ficus benghalensis

A holistic approach for microwave assisted solvent extraction of phenolic compounds from Ficus benghalensis fruits and its phytochemical profiling

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