Occurrence of trihalomethanes and haloacetonitriles in water distribution networks of Khon Kaen Municipality, Thailand

Minh

2021

Jurnal Teknologi

The study aimed to evaluate the surface water quality of the Tien River and identify water quality parameters to be monitored using the water quality monitoring data in the period of 2011 - 2019. The water samples were collected at five locations from Tan Chau to Cho Moi districts, An Giang province for three times per year (i.e., in March, June, and September). Water quality parameters included temperature (oC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate (NO3--N), orthophosphate (PO43--P), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and coliforms. These parameter results were compared with the national technical regulation on surface water quality QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT, column A1. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the sources of pollution and the main factors affecting water quality. The results of this study showed that DO concentration was lower and TSS, BOD, PO43--P, coliforms concentrations in the Tien river exceeded QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT, column A1. pH, temperature, and NO3--N values were in accordance with the permitted regulation. The water monitoring parameters were seasonally fluctuated. DO, BOD, TSS, and coliforms concentrations were higher in the rainy season whereas NO3--N and PO43--P were higher in the dry season. The PCA results illustrated that pH, TSS, DO, BOD, PO43--P and coliforms should be included in the monitoring program. Other indicators such as temperature and NO3--N could be considered excluded from the program to save costs.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Surface Water Quality and Water Monitoring Parameters in the Tien River, Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Minh

2021

Jurnal Teknologi

“…In addition, the BOD 5 and COD concentrations in the baseline monitoring water bodies were recorded as suitable for domestic supply water needs. However, appropriate treatment measures were required [19], since carbon compounds (in BOD 5 and COD) can combine with chlorine during the disinfection phase to produce hazardous compounds [35]. The significant difference in urban-affected areas may be due to the characteristics of urban wastewater containing high levels of organic compounds.…”

Section: Overall Surface Water Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Surface Water Quality in Upstream Province of Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Multivariate Statistics

Hong

2022

Water

The study employed different statistical approaches to assess surface water quality in the upstream region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The dataset included seven parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and coliform) at seventy-three locations. Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to analyze spatial variations in surface water quality and recognize the important parameters. The findings revealed that surface water quality was deteriorated by organic matters (high BOD5 and COD), nutrients and microorganisms. Particularly, urban areas were found to be more polluted than the other areas. The PCA results indicated that three potential water pollution sources, including industry, urban and tourism, could explain 87.03% of the total variance. Coliform was identified as the leading latent factor that controls surface water quality in the study area. CA grouped the sampling locations into 11 groups, in which the groups of the baseline monitoring sites and large rivers had better water quality. The results indicated a significant impact of anthropogenic activities (especially, urban and tourism practices) in surface water quality degradation. Moreover, CA suggested that the numbers of the sampling sites could be reduced from 73 to 58 locations, lowering 20.54% of the monitoring cost. Thus, the study recommends scrutinizing the current surface water quality monitoring system to be more economic and urgently implementing appropriate solutions to mitigate coliform pollution in the smaller water bodies.

“…Total suspended solids resulted in cost concern for water supply, transporting contaminants including microorganisms, heavy metals, and pesticides [16]. BOD could lead to formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) where chlorine mixed with treated water containing organic carbon could pose high risk to human health [18]. Former study found that BOD in the surface waters in An Giang Province ranged from 4.7 ± 2.3 to 12.3 ± 9.2 mg/L [15]; BOD and COD in canals in Soc Trang Province was 2.2 -22.4 and 6.0 -44.9 mg/L, respectively [17]; and COD in Hau river was in the range of 10.4 ± 1.2 -16.5 ± 4.1 mg/L [10].…”

Section: A Water Quality In the Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Surface Water Quality in Freshwater Reservoirs in an Giang Province, Viet Nam

2021

Water quality is critical for a healthy ecosystem, this study was conducted to evaluate the surface water quality in lakes in An Giang Province from 2017 to 2019. Water quality was assessed using variables of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3- - N), phosphate (PO3 4- - P ), ammonia (NH+ 4 - N), and coliforms at nine locationsbelonging to seven reservoirs including O Tuk Sa, Thuy Liem, Soai So, Soai Chek, O Thum, O Ta Soc, and Bung Binh Thien. Water quality criteria were assessed according to the National Technical Regulation on Surface Water Quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT). Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA)were applied to group water quality to identify the main parameters affecting water quality in the reservoirs. The findings indicated that the water quality in the reservoirs were polluted by TSS, organic matters (DO was low, while COD and BOD were high), and microorganisms (coliforms). The PCA analysis showed that the watervariables including temperature, pH, DO, TSS, COD, BOD, NO3- - N, PO3 4- - P , NO3- - N, and coliforms significantly influenced the surface of the water in the reservoirs. It is necessary to investigate pollution sources to propose appropriate solutions to treat and maintain the water quality in the reservoirs of An Giang Province .