Occurrence of trehalose in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and in mycorrhizal roots

Schubert, Andreas; Wyss, Peter; Wiemken, Andres

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)81054-0

Cited by 68 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Trehalose, a known mycorrhizal metabolite (Be! card et al, 1991 ;Schubert et al, 1992 ;Shachar-Hill et al, 1995), frequently accumulates in micro-organisms exposed to drought or to other stress conditions (Wiemken, 1990 ;Mu$ ller et al, 1995b), and it is thought to play a role in the protection of membranes and proteins (Crow et al, 1984 ;Wiemken, 1990). Recently, we have also observed the accumulation of trehalose in mycorrhizae of maize exposed to drought (Schellenbaum et al, 1998).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 63%

Effects of drought, transgenic expression of a fructan synthesizing enzyme and of mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and soluble carbohydrate pools in tobacco plants

et al. 1999

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The effects of three conditions likely to affect soluble carbohydrate pools, namely drought, expression of barley sucrose : fructan 6-fructosyl transferase (6-SFT, EC 2;4;1;10) and the establishment of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with Glomus mosseae were studied in a multifactorial experiment using tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Tobacco, a plant naturally unable to form fructan, accumulated fructan in leaves, and to a larger extent in the roots, when transformed with 6-SFT. Under drought conditions, growth was considerably reduced, but neither expression of 6-SFT nor mycorrhiza formation had an effect on growth rate. However, in response to drought, carbon partitioning was significantly altered towards accumulation of soluble sugars. In plants exposed to drought, pools of sucrose were greater than those of unstressed plants, particularly in their roots. In the transgenic plants expressing 6-SFT, there were also increased contents of the products of 6-SFT, namely fructan, most probably because of the increased availability of the substrate, sucrose. These effects were the same in the presence or absence of mycorrhiza. Hexoses (glucose and fructose) also increased in response to drought, primarily in the leaves. This effect of drought was little affected by the expression of 6-SFT, except that it slightly enhanced drought-induced glucose accumulation in roots. However, the presence of mycorrhiza led to a considerable reduction in drought-induced accumulation of hexoses in the leaves. The content of the fungal disaccharide trehalose was greatly increased in the roots of all mycorrhizal plants upon exposure to drought, particularly in some of the transgenic plants expressing 6-SFT.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 63%

Effects of drought, transgenic expression of a fructan synthesizing enzyme and of mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and soluble carbohydrate pools in tobacco plants

et al. 1999

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“…One of these compounds is the disaccharide trehalose [␣-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,1)-␣-D-glucopyranoside] (13, 36), a well-known osmoprotectant found in many different organisms (11). Trehalose occurs in plant tissues colonized by microorganisms, such as mycorrhizal roots (41), and in other symbiotic structures, including nitrogen-fixing nodules formed by legumes in response to rhizobial infection (13,34). Under nonstress conditions, S. meliloti can take up trehalose and use it as its sole carbon and energy source (17).…”

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Redundancy in Periplasmic Binding Protein-Dependent Transport Systems for Trehalose, Sucrose, and Maltose in Sinorhizobium meliloti

2002

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We have identified a cluster of six genes involved in trehalose transport and utilization (thu) in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Four of these genes, thuE, -F, -G, and -K, were found to encode components of a binding proteindependent trehalose/maltose/sucrose ABC transporter. Their deduced gene products comprise a trehalose/ maltose-binding protein (ThuE), two integral membrane proteins (ThuF and ThuG), and an ATP-binding protein (ThuK). In addition, a putative regulatory protein (ThuR) was found divergently transcribed from the thuEFGK operon. When the thuE locus was inactivated by gene replacement, the resulting S. meliloti strain was impaired in its ability to grow on trehalose, and a significant retardation in growth was seen on maltose as well. The wild type and the thuE mutant were indistinguishable for growth on glucose and sucrose. This suggested a possible overlap in function of the thuEFGK operon with the aglEFGAK operon, which was identified as a binding protein-dependent ATP-binding transport system for sucrose, maltose, and trehalose. The K m s for trehalose transport were 8 ؎ 1 nM and 55 ؎ 5 nM in the uninduced and induced cultures, respectively. Transport and growth experiments using mutants impaired in either or both of these transport systems show that these systems form the major transport systems for trehalose, maltose, and sucrose. By using a thuE-lacZ fusion, we show that thuE is induced only by trehalose and not by cellobiose, glucose, maltopentaose, maltose, mannitol, or sucrose, suggesting that the thuEFGK system is primarily targeted toward trehalose. The aglEF-GAK operon, on the other hand, is induced primarily by sucrose and to a lesser extent by trehalose. Tests for root colonization, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation suggest that uptake of disaccharides can be critical for colonization of alfalfa roots but is not important for nodulation and nitrogen fixation per se.

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“…Mycorrhizal fungi have also been shown to synthesize trehalose (Be! card et al, 1991 ;Schubert, Wyss & Wiemken, 1992). The quantification of trehalose in mycorrhizal roots might provide a powerful insight into the response of the fungus to stress conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of drought on non‐mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal maize: changes in the pools of non‐structural carbohydrates, in the activities of invertase and trehalase, and in the pools of amino acids and imino acids

et al. 1998

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To study the response of non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal maize plants to drought, the changes in the pools of non-structural carbohydrates and amino acids were analysed in leaves and roots of two maize cvs. Plants well colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) (60 % of root length infected) and comparable non-mycorrhizal plants were subjected to moderate drought stress by reducing the water supply. This stress induced a conspicuous increase in the trehalose pool in the mycorrhizal roots, probably because it was accumulated by the fungal symbiont. Furthermore, glucose and fructose were accumulated in leaves and roots of non-mycorrhizal plants but not in the mycorrhizal ones. Starch disappeared completely from the leaves of both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants in response to drought. Activities of soluble acid invertase and trehalase were also measured. Acid invertase activity increased during drought in the leaves of both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants whilst in the roots it was unaffected in non-mycorrhizal plants and decreased in the mycorrhizal ones. Without drought stress, trehalase activity was considerably higher in the leaves and roots of mycorrhizal plants than in those of non-mycorrhizal plants. It increased conspicuously during drought, primarily in the leaves of non-mycorrhizal plants. A drought-induced accumulation of amino acids as well as imino acids was found in roots and leaves of both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants ; leaves of mycorrhizal plants accumulated more imino acids than those of non-mycorrhizal ones. Our results show that drought stress and the presence of a mycorrhizal fungus have a considerable effect on carbon partitioning, imino acid and amino acid accumulation in maize plants.

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Occurrence of trehalose in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and in mycorrhizal roots

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of drought, transgenic expression of a fructan synthesizing enzyme and of mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and soluble carbohydrate pools in tobacco plants

Effects of drought, transgenic expression of a fructan synthesizing enzyme and of mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and soluble carbohydrate pools in tobacco plants

Redundancy in Periplasmic Binding Protein-Dependent Transport Systems for Trehalose, Sucrose, and Maltose in Sinorhizobium meliloti

Effects of drought on non‐mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal maize: changes in the pools of non‐structural carbohydrates, in the activities of invertase and trehalase, and in the pools of amino acids and imino acids

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