Occurrence of the Plasmid-Mediated Fluoroquinolone Resistance <i>qepA1</i> Gene in Two Clonal Clinical Isolates of CTX-M-15-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Algeria

Yanat, Betitera; Yahia, Radia Dali; Yazi, Leila; Machuca, Jesús; Díaz-de-Alba, Paula; Touati, Abdelaziz; Pascual, Álvaro; Rodríguez-Martínez, José Manuel

doi:10.1089/mdr.2016.0135

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Similar findings were described in several studies in Tunisia 28 , Argentina 39 , and France 36 . In contrast, qepA gene was detected among K. pneumoniae isolates from non cancer patients in Egypt 40 and E. coli isolates from Algeria 41 and Pakistan 33 . On the other hand, oqxAB genes were only detected among members of Klebsiella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance among Gram negative bacteria causing infections to cancer patients

Hamed

Elkhatib

El-Mahallawy

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Fluoroquinolones have been used for prophylaxis against infections in cancer patients but their impact on the resistance mechanisms still require further investigation. To elucidate mechanisms underlying ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistance in Gram-negative pathogens causing infections to cancer patients, 169 isolates were investigated. Broth microdilution assays showed high-level CIP resistance in 89.3% of the isolates. Target site mutations were analyzed using PCR and DNA sequencing in 15 selected isolates. Of them, all had gyrA mutations (codons 83 and 87) with parC mutations (codons 80 and 84) in 93.3%. All isolates were screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and 56.8% of them were positive in this respect. Among PMQR genes, aac(6′)-Ib-cr predominated (42.6%) while qnr genes were harbored by 32.5%. This comprised qnrS in 26.6% and qnrB in 6.5%. Clonality of the qnr-positive isolates using ERIC-PCR revealed that most of them were not clonal. CIP MIC reduction by CCCP, an efflux pump inhibitor, was studied and the results revealed that contribution of efflux activity was observed in 18.3% of the isolates. Furthermore, most fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms were detected among Gram-negative isolates recovered from cancer patients. Target site mutations had the highest impact on CIP resistance as compared to PMQRs and efflux activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance among Gram negative bacteria causing infections to cancer patients

Hamed

Elkhatib

El-Mahallawy

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Cancer Patients in Egypt

Hamed

Aboshanab

El-Mahallawy

et al. 2018

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are the drugs of choice for prophylaxis of bacterial infections in immunocompromised cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate FQ resistance and the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in 239 Gram-negative isolates collected at a tertiary care cancer hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Disc diffusion and broth microdilution tests showed that 70.7% of the isolates were nonsusceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC = 64 μg/ml). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that 53.6% of the isolates carried at least one PMQR determinant, of which 23.4% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. The most prevalent gene, aac(6')-Ib-cr, was identified in 36.8% of the isolates, while qnr genes were harbored by 31.0% (qnrS, 24.3%; qnrB, 7.1%, and qnrA, 0.4%). The oqxAB genes were only detected in Klebsiella sp. isolates (92.5%). PMQR determinants were more likely detectable among isolates recovered from pediatric patients than adults (59.3% vs. 43.8%) and were significantly associated with ceftriaxone and gentamicin resistance. A combined genetic analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR showed that most of the qnr-positive isolates were not clonal. Findings of the current study raised concerns about the efficacy of prophylactic use of FQs in cancer patients in our region. It also demonstrates the possible role of PMQR-positive ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates in the dissemination of resistance to other antimicrobial agents and the urgent need to reconsider the existing FQ breakpoints defined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.

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The antibiotic resistome inEscherichia coliisolated from human, food, and animal sources

Rodrigues

Ferrari

Panzenhagen

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the prevalence and distribution of resistance genes in Escherichia coli genomes isolated from human clinical samples and animal-based foods worldwide. Methods and results We download from NCBI Pathogen Detection Database the corresponding metadata of the 7,123 E. coli genome to access the information about the antimicrobial resistance gene content. The geographic location and the source of isolation were also obtained and compiled with the antimicrobial resistance gene for statistical analysis, results and discussion. Our criteria considered four groups for analyzing the antimicrobial resistance gene distribution. The first group of genomes from invasive clinical human (ICH) samples from countries with Human Development Index (HDI) ≥ 0.850; the second group of ICH from countries with an HDI ≤ 0.849; the third group of animal-based foods (ABF) from countries with HDI ≥ 0.850 and the fourth group of ABFs from countries with HDI ≤ 0.849. The most prevalent genes in the first group were blaCTX-M-134 (96.53%) and blaCTX-M-27 (86.35%). In the second group, ere(A) (95.96%), soxS (94.49%), qepA8 (90.81%), blaCTX-M-15 (85.66%), and fosA3 (80.88%). In the third group, the most frequently detected were aadA12 (98.5%), ant(3”) (89.92%), and blaCARB-2 (87.2%). In the fourth group, aadA12 and aac(3)-IV were identified in 100% of the analyzed genomes. Conclusions It was clear that the use of aminoglycosides in animal production is increasing the selective pressure on micro-organisms in both groups of countries since genes linked to aminoglycoside resistance are related to E. coli from ABF samples. The genomic profile of E. coli from HDI ≥ 0.850 countries indicates a selective pressure aimed at cephalosporins given the high prevalence in both sources.

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Occurrence of the Plasmid-Mediated Fluoroquinolone Resistance qepA1 Gene in Two Clonal Clinical Isolates of CTX-M-15-Producing Escherichia coli from Algeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance among Gram negative bacteria causing infections to cancer patients

Multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance among Gram negative bacteria causing infections to cancer patients

Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Cancer Patients in Egypt

The antibiotic resistome inEscherichia coliisolated from human, food, and animal sources

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