Occurrence of Sarcocystis falcatula in Captive Psittacine Birds in Brazil

Godoy, Silvia Helena Seraphin de; Paula, Cátia Dejuste de; Cubas, Zalmir Silvino; Matushima, Eliana Reiko; Catão‐Dias, José Luiz

doi:10.1647/2008-006r.1

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Numerous outbreaks of acute sarcosporidiosis by S . falcatula have been reported in birds of the orders Passeriformes, Psittacids, Columbiformes, Strigiformes and Falconiformes living in captivity in the Americas [8,9,38–41]. S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of tissue cyst forming coccidia in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) rescued on the coast of Brazil

et al. 2018

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The main motivation for this study was to determine the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii, a cosmopolitan widespread zoonotic parasite distribution that can infect a wide variety of mammals and birds, in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in Brazil. In recent decades there has been a significant increase in the number of penguins originating from Argentinian and Chilean Patagonia, where these birds are born, that arrive on the Brazilian coast, where many of them are stranded and rescued. Tissue samples were collected from 330 individuals surveyed from 2012–2015 at the Institute for Marine Animal Research and Rehabilitation (IPRAM) located in Cariacica, state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Serum were collected from 145 animals surveyed in 2015 for the detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies using the Modified Agglutination Test (MAT ≥20) and 18 birds were positive, with titers of 20 (7 birds), 40 (9 birds) and 80 (2 birds). Mouse bioassay for the isolation of T. gondii was performed using tissues from 54 penguins that were also surveyed in 2015, but no isolates were obtained. DNA from tissue samples of 330 individuals was PCR amplified and sequenced to detect tissue cyst forming coccidians by using pan sarcocystids-directed primers (based on 18S rDNA). These samples were from animals surveyed in 2015 and from frozen stocked tissues from animals surveyed in the years 2012 and 2013. The positives were PCR amplified and sequenced with genus Sarcocystis-specific primers (based on internal transcribed spacer 1, RNA polymerase beta subunit coding gene, and cytochrome B coding gene) and with Sarcocystis falcatula/Sarcocystis neurona- specific primers (based on surface antigens SAG2, SAG3 and SAG4). Sixteen (3.0%) of pectoral muscle samples were positive by all the seven molecular markers and all the samples were identical to each other. Organisms close related to Sarcocystis falcatula were confirmed in all cases. This is the first report on molecular detection of infection by S. falcatula-related organisms and the first report of seropositivity for T. gondii in free-living Magellanic penguins in Brazil. Felids and didephid opossums are definitive hosts of T. gondii and S. falcatula, respectively. Where the penguins acquire the infective forms of the parasites shed by the terrestrial mammals remains to be elucidated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of tissue cyst forming coccidia in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) rescued on the coast of Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…As a general rule, knemidocoptic mange is transmitted by direct contact and it mainly affects young individuals with nutritional deficiencies, with high levels of stress or poor conditions of hygiene (3), although the disease is also associated with immunodepression and degree of consanguinity (12). The pathogen may also enter the bird cage via contact with free-living birds that are attracted to the surrounds by the bird feeders or the caged birds themselves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe beak deformity in Melopsittacus undulatus caused by Knemidocoptes pilae

Elbal

Salido²,

Sánchez-Murillo³

et al. 2014

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Se describe un brote de sarna Knemidocoptic causada por Knemidocoptes pilae en periquitos australianos enjaulados (Melopsittacus undulatus), del parque público de L'Eliana (Valencia, España). Cinco individuos (5 de 70) muestran una malformación severa del pico, afectados por rhamphotheca, rhinotheca, y gnathotheca y una ligera desviación lateral de la mandíbula, que no impide, sin embargo, la alimentación o el aseo.An outbreak of knemidocoptic mange caused by Knemidocoptes pilae is described in caged Australian budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) in a public park in L´Eliana (Valencia, Spain). Five individuals (5 out of 70) displayed severe malformation of the beak, with the rhamphotheca, rhinotheca, and gnathotheca affected and a slight lateral deviation of the jawbone, which did not, however, impede feeding or grooming.peerReviewe

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“…Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of mature schizonts and merozoites, diagnosed as S. falcatula, in the capillaries of the lungs, heart, liver and spleen of the birds. Another outbreak in a zoo in Brazil was documented a year later (Godoy et al, 2009). A total of 47 psittacines housed in a bird park in Foz do Iguaçu, state of Paraná, died within a 15-month period as a result of Sarcocystis sp.…”

Section: Sarcocystis Falcatula S Falcatula-like and Sarcocystosis In Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcocystis neurona and related Sarcocystis spp. shed by opossums (Didelphis spp.) in South America

Gondim

Soares

Moré

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Protozoan parasites of the genus Sarcocystis are obligatory heteroxenous cyst-forming coccidia that infect a wide variety of animals and encompass approximately 200 described species. At least four Sarcocystis spp. (S. falcatula, S. neurona, S. lindsayi and S. speeri) use opossums (Didelphis spp.) as definitive hosts, and two of them, S. neurona and S. falcatula, are known to cause disease in horses and birds, respectively. Opossums are restricted to the Americas, but their distribution in the Americas is heterogeneous. Five Didelphis spp. are distributed in South America (D. aurita, D. albiventris, D. marsupialis, D. imperfecta and D. pernigra) whereas just one opossum species (D. virginiana) is found in North America. Studies conducted in the last decades show that Sarcocystis spp., derived from South American Didelphis spp., have biological and genetic differences in relation to Sarcocystis spp. shed by the North American opossum D. virginiana. The aim of this review was to address the peculiar scenario of Sarcocystis species shed by South American opossums, with a special focus on diagnosis, epidemiology, and animal infections, as well as the genetic characteristics of these parasites.

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Occurrence of Sarcocystis falcatula in Captive Psittacine Birds in Brazil

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Occurrence of tissue cyst forming coccidia in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) rescued on the coast of Brazil

Occurrence of tissue cyst forming coccidia in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) rescued on the coast of Brazil

Severe beak deformity in Melopsittacus undulatus caused by Knemidocoptes pilae

Sarcocystis neurona and related Sarcocystis spp. shed by opossums (Didelphis spp.) in South America

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