Occurrence of sapogenins in leaves and seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

Mastebroek, H Dick; Limburg, Harry; Gilles, T.; Marvin, H.J.P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(20000101)80:1<152::aid-jsfa503>3.3.co;2-g

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…In this work, PA was the most commonly found sapogenin in the various parts of quinoa plant grown in Korea, which is consistent with results of a previous study on sapogenin content in quinoa seeds grown in the United States (Medina‐Meza et al, ). On the other hand, Mastebroek, Limburg, Gilles, and Marvin () found that hederagenin (HD) was the major sapogenin found in leaves and oleanolic acid (OA) was in seeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Lim

Park

Yoon

2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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Quinoa plant is a valuable food crop because of its high nutritional and functional values. Total saponin content, sapogenins, polyphenol, and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities were analyzed in various parts of quinoa plants, including sprout, seeds, bran, pericarp, leave, stem, and root. Quinoa seeds (QS) had significantly higher sapogenin content than quinoa stem (QT), quinoa leaves (QL), and quinoa roots (QR). Quinoa saponin was mainly composed of phytolaccagenic acid. Quinoa root (QR) had the highest amount of total saponin (13.39 g 100 g−1), followed by quinoa bran. The highest total phenolic content (30.96 mg GAE 100 g−1) and total flavonoid content (61.68 mg RE 100 g−1) were observed in quinoa root extract and 1‐month‐old sprout extract, respectively. Quinoa sprouts showed better antioxidant activity than fully grown parts of the quinoa plant. Overall, root and sprout had a higher antioxidant capacity compared to other parts of the quinoa plant, suggesting the potential use of quinoa root and sprout as a nutraceutical ingredient in the health food industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Lim

Park

Yoon

2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…There is a wide range of inhibitors which reduce the enzymatic digestions in pretreated feedstocks. Under acidic conditions, saponins are converted to sapogenins . Previous studies have shown that these sapogenins inhibit some enzymes, for example α‐glucosidases .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO₂-catalysed steam pretreatment of quinoa stalks

Carrasco

Cuno

Carlqvist

et al. 2014

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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“…2011). Saponins are consist of an aglycone and sugar moieties, each representing about 50% of the total weight of the molecule (Mastebroek et al . 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2000). In quinoa, the saponins are a complex mixture of triterpene glycosides that are derivatives of oleanolic acid, hederagenin, phytolaccagenic acid, serjanic acid and 3 β ,23,30‐trihydroxy olean‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid, which bear hydroxyl and carboxylate groups at C‐3 and C‐28, respectively (Mastebroek et al . 2000; Zhu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A KINETIC APPROACH TO SAPONIN EXTRACTION DURING WASHING OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) SEEDS

Quispe‐Fuentes

Vega‐Gálvez

Miranda

et al. 2012

J Food Process Engineering

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The aim of this work was to show that the leaching process of saponins from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds during washing with water, as is generally practiced by people in South America, can be modeled using mathematical expressions related to Fick's second law. Experimental data were obtained through batch extraction with a ratio of quinoa to water of 1:10 under constant agitation for processing time between 15 and 120 min at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60C. It was found that residual saponin concentration in the quinoa seeds decreased as washing temperature increased. Leaching rate followed the Arrhenius relationship, with calculated effective saponin diffusion coefficient between (5.05 Ϯ 0.15) ¥ 10 -10 and (32.50 Ϯ 1.65) ¥ 10 -10 m 2 /s as the temperature increased from 20 to 60C. Several mathematical models to describe the kinetic behavior of the leaching process were analyzed. The modified Henderson-Pabis model had the best fit quality as shown by statistical analysis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSDuring processing of quinoa for human consumption, a washing process is necessary to remove most of the bitter saponins found in the seeds, as this type of saponin is considered to be a serious antinutritional factor. For industrial scale-up of this processing step, leaching behavior of the saponin is of crucial importance to find the best design parameters and the most cost-effective process conditions. This helps reduce energy waste and optimize water flow rate in a continuous washing process. The present study used well-known models to explain saponins' leaching kinetics from the quinoa seeds with water at different temperatures. The best mathematical model with its justification was also determined, which is generally the most economical way to proceed.

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Occurrence of sapogenins in leaves and seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

SO₂-catalysed steam pretreatment of quinoa stalks

A KINETIC APPROACH TO SAPONIN EXTRACTION DURING WASHING OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) SEEDS

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Occurrence of sapogenins in leaves and seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

Cited by 26 publications

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Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

SO2-catalysed steam pretreatment of quinoa stalks

A KINETIC APPROACH TO SAPONIN EXTRACTION DURING WASHING OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) SEEDS

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SO₂-catalysed steam pretreatment of quinoa stalks