Occurrence of prostasome-like membrane vesicles in equine seminal plasma

Minelli, Alba; Moroni, Monica; Martínez, E.; Mezzasoma, I; Ronquist, K. Göran

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.1140237

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…These values were similar to those measured in spermatozoa after incubation with PSGs, further confirming this assumption. Minelli et al [34] also demonstrated that sterol-rich vesicles from stallion prostate can effectively block sterol efflux from the spermatozoa plasma membrane. The slightly higher amounts of desmosterol necessary for the PSG-related blocking activity may partially justify the abundance of this sterol in PSGs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Desmosterol, the main sterol in rabbit semen: distribution among semen subfractions and its role in the in vitro spermatozoa acrosome reaction and motility

Mourvaki¹,

Cardinali²,

Roberti³

et al. 2010

Asian J Androl

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Desmosterol, the main sterol in rabbit semen: distribution among semen subfractions and its role in the in vitro spermatozoa acrosome reaction and motility

Mourvaki¹,

Cardinali²,

Roberti³

et al. 2010

Asian J Androl

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“…They were first discovered by Ronquist et al, in Sweden [1,2] who also proposed for them the name of "prostasomes" because of their prostatic origin [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Prostasome-like particles have been found in the semen of other mammals [8][9][10]; however, their composition and amounts differ from those of human material. Moreover, different fecundation patterns (intravaginal vs intrauterine) may make these particles functionally dissimilar, depending on the species.…”

Section: Prostasomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of human prostasomes in the activation of spermatozoa

Arienti¹,

Carlini²,

Saccardi

et al. 2004

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Prostasomes are small vesicles of prostatic origin contained in human semen. Their composition is peculiar under many aspects. Cholesterol is abundant and many proteins are endowed with enzymatic or other activities. The function of prostasomes has been amply debated and several hypotheses have been put forward. The liquefaction of semen, spermatozoa motility, antibacterial activity and immunological functions have been related to prostasomes. Under certain aspects, prostasomes resemble synaptosomes. The fusion of prostasomes to spermatozoa enriches spermatozoa with cholesterol and causes bursts of cytoplasmic sperm calcium. The interaction of spermatozoa and prostasomes should be limited to vagina since prostasomes are immobile and do not follow spermatozoa in the superior female genital tract. Calcium bursts would increase spermatozoa motility, where cholesterol would decapacitate spermatozoa, so preventing untimely activation. Since spermatozoa receive many different molecules from prostasomes, additional effects are also possible. Prostasomes makes spermatozoa more apt to be activated by progesterone in the proximity of the ovum. Therefore, the fusion between spermatozoa and prostasomes would influence spermatozoa behaviour under many aspects and might be relevant for fecundation. The richness of molecular species in prostasomes is amazing and these small vesicles are expected to lead to many more discoveries in the field of human reproduction.

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“…In bovines, PRs are originated in the seminal vesicles (Agrawal & Vanha-Perttulla 1987). Seminal vesicles secrete proteins, vitamin C, fructose, prostaglandin, and fibrinogen, while the prostate gland secretes a whitish liquid with low viscosity which contains citrate and Ca 2C (Minelli et al 1998). It is noteworthy that C. d. terrificus possesses PR structures, since squamates do not possess a prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and bulbo-urethral and urethral glands (Sever 2004).…”

Section: Rattlesnake Seminal Peptidasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidase activities in Crotalus durissus terrificus semen

Marinho

Almeida‐Santos²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

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To understand the role of peptidases in seminal physiology of Crotalus durissus terrificus, activity levels of representative enzymes in semen and their sensitivities to inhibitors, cofactors, and peptide hormones were evaluated. The existence of seminal fractions and the association of peptidases with these fractions were also characterized for the first time in snakes. The prominent inhibitors of aminopeptidases (APs) were amastatin for acid, basic, and neutral; bestatin for basic; and diprotin A for dipeptidyl-IV. Cystyl and prolylimino APs were similarly susceptible to the majority of these inhibitors. The basic and neutral were characterized as metallo-peptidases, acid AP was activated by MnCl 2 , and cystyl, prolyl-imino, and type I pyroglutamyl were characterized as sulphydryl-dependent APs. Angiotensin II, vasotocin, bradykinin, fertilization-promoting peptide, and TRH altered the majority of these peptidase activities; these peptides are possible substrates and/or modulators of these peptidases. Peptidase activities were found in all seminal fractions: seminal plasma (SP), prostasome-like (PR) structures, and soluble (S-) and membrane-bound fractions (MFs) of spermatozoa. The levels of activity of each peptidase varied among different seminal fractions. In SP, the higher activities were puromycin-insensitive neutral and basic APs. In PR, the higher activity was puromycin-insensitive neutral AP. In spermatozoa, the higher activity in subcellular SF was puromycinsensitive neutral, while in MF both puromycin-sensitive and -insensitive neutral APs were equally higher than the other examined peptidases. Data suggested that these peptidases, mainly basic and neutral, have a high relevance in regulating seminal functions of C. d. terrificus. Reproduction (2008) 136 767-776

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Occurrence of prostasome-like membrane vesicles in equine seminal plasma

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Desmosterol, the main sterol in rabbit semen: distribution among semen subfractions and its role in the in vitro spermatozoa acrosome reaction and motility

Desmosterol, the main sterol in rabbit semen: distribution among semen subfractions and its role in the in vitro spermatozoa acrosome reaction and motility

Role of human prostasomes in the activation of spermatozoa

Peptidase activities in Crotalus durissus terrificus semen

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