Occurrence of patulin and its dietary intake through apple juice consumption by the Spanish population

İleri derecede erken doğmuş yenidoğanların düzeltilmiş 1-3 yaşlarındaki nörogelişimsel ve psikiyatrik değerlendirmesi

“…In recent studies, the relation of brain demage with white matter anomalies which develop postnatally was shown and deficiencies in cognitive and motor development determined at the age of two in preterm children were related to decreased volume of hypoccampus (28,29). In studies which evaluated neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral state of infants who were born before the 32 nd gestational week, it was reported that these infants had abnormal neuromotor development and this abnormality was a predictor of school problems in the future years which were similar to our findings (30). In our study, APGAR scores at the first and 5 th minute were lower, the rate of being SGA was higher, the rates of diagnoses including BPD, NEC, IVB, ROP and apnea were higher in infants who were born before the 32 nd gestational week compared to the infants who were born after the 32 nd gestational week and these infants were found to have stayed longer in the hospital.…”

In vitro antifungal activity of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium expansum and evaluation of the AITC estimated daily intake

“…However, the major sources of contamination are apples and apple products, which are also the most important source of patulin in the human diet (Baert et al, 2007;Murillo-Arbizu et al, 2009;Reddy et al, 2010). The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified patulin as not carcinogenic (group 3), although it has been shown to cause neurotoxic and mutagenic effects in animals (IARC, 2002).…”

Patulin content in apple products marketed in Northeast China

“…While in India, some samples had high patulin levels (845 lg/L) compared to other branded mixed juices (21-70 lg/L) and apple juices procured from local vendors (191 lg/L) (Saxena, Dwivedi, Ansari, & Das, 2008). In Spain, patulin contents were at concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 118.7 lg/L (Murillo-Arbizu, Amézqueta, González-Peñas, & de Cerain, 2009).…”