Occurrence of Pathotypes of Escherichia coli in Aquatic Environment

Reddy, A. Devivaraprasad; Karunasagar, G. Ravi Indrani

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.402

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Our findings agree with those by Sylvester et al (21) whom demonstrated an association between the prevalence of E. coli carriage and certain geographic regions. We hypothesize that factors such as the weather, season of the year (summer and autumn), such as well as a potential hygiene deficiency when handling iguanas (fecal contamination in water and food in cages) favors the acquisition of DEC bacteria (46,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive Green Iguana Carries Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes

et al. 2020

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The green iguana appears to be a carrier for bacteria causing gastrointestinal infections in humans. The presence of diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathotypes, however, has not been studied in this reptile. The aim of the current work was to investigate the prevalence of DEC in the intestines of 240 captive green iguanas, their phylogenetic groups, and the antibiotic susceptibility profile. E. coli strains were isolated from 41.7% (N = 100/240) of the intestinal content of green iguanas. DEC strains was identified in 25.9% of the screened population and were detected in the majority (62%, p = 0.009) of those reptiles carrying E. coli strains. Among DEC strains, STEC strains carrying the stx1 gene were the most prevalent pathotype isolated (38.7%), followed by EAEC and ETEC (27.4% each). Genetic markers of DEC strains belonging to the EHEC pathotype were not detected. More than a half of DEC strains were classified into the Clade I-II phylogroup (64.5%), followed by the phylogroup A (14.5%). The antibiotic susceptibility method demonstrated that a high proportion of DEC strains were resistance, or non-susceptible, to carbenicillin, amikacin, and ampicillin. We conclude that the green iguana kept in captivity is a carrier of DEC strains bearing resistance to first-line antibiotics, including penicillins. Given the increase presence of the green iguana in Latin American households, these reptiles represent a potential source of transmission to susceptible humans and therefore a potential source of gastrointestinal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive Green Iguana Carries Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes

et al. 2020

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Captive green iguana is a reservoir of diarrheogenicEscherichia colipathotypes

Bautista-Trujillo

Gutiérrez-Miceli

Mandujano-García

et al. 2019

Preprint

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20The green iguana appears to be a reservoir for bacteria causing gastrointestinal infections in 21 humans. The presence of diarrheogenic E. coli (DEC) pathotypes , however, has not been 22 studied in this reptile. The aim of the current work was to investigate the prevalence of 23 DEC in the intestines of 240 captive green iguanas, their phylogenetic groups, and the 24 antibiotic susceptibility profile. E. coli strains were isolated from 41.7% of the intestinal 25 content of green iguanas. DEC strains was identified in 25.9% of the screened population 26 and were detected in the majority (62%, p=0.009] of those reptiles carrying E. coli strains. 27Among DEC strains, STEC strains carrying the stx1 gene were the most prevalent 28 pathotype isolated (38.7%), followed by EAEC and ETEC (27.4% each). Genetic markers 29 of DEC strains belonging to the EHEC pathotype were not detected. More than a half of 30 DEC strains were classified into the Clade I-II phylogroup (64.5%), followed by the 31 phylogroup A (14.5%). The antibiotic susceptibility method demonstrated that a high 32 proportion of DEC strains were resistance, or non-susceptible, to carbenicillin, amikacin, 33 and ampicillin (85, 74, and 66%, respectively). We conclude that the green iguana kept in 34 captivity is a reservoir of DEC strains bearing resistance to first-line antibiotics, including 35 penicillins. Given the increase presence of the green iguana in Latin American households, 36 these reptiles represent a potential source of transmission to susceptible humans and 37 therefore a potential source of gastrointestinal disease. 38 Importance 39 Latin-American countries present a high burden of diarrheal disease. In this part of the 40 world, besides common pathogens, diarrheal diseases are also caused by pathogenic types 41 of E. coli referred as "diarrheagenic E. coli" (DEC). While inhabitants of Latin American 42 3countries suffer of self-limiting diarrhea when infected with DEC, a main target of these 43 strains are tourists from developed countries who are not exposed to DEC strains. Efforts 44 are in place to decrease the burden of DEC-associated diarrheal disease. As such, this study 45 investigated a potential reservoir of DEC strains that had been underestimated, the green 46 iguana. These reptiles are very common in Latin American households and are found 47 virtually everywhere in Mexico, Central and South America. We found that 25% of green 48 iguanas carried DEC strains in their intestines. We also demonstrated a high prevalence of 49 antibiotic resistance in these strains, posing a potential risk to humans. 50 51 Key words 52 Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, prevalence, Iguana, Chiapas, antimicrobial resistance, 53 Zoonotic. 54 55 56 Escherichia coli is a commensal bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract of 57 human and mammals. Its ability to acquire virulence genes has originated strains that cause 58 serious gastrointestinal infections in humans as well as animals (1). E. coli pathogenic 59 strains are responsible for approxim...

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Inactivating effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus in various dried products

Lee

Yoon

2021

Journal of Food Safety

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dielectric-barrier discharges plasma (DBDP) treatment against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus in different types of food matrix. Dried julienned squid (DS), squid powder (SP), beef jerky (BJ), and beef powder (BP) were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 or S. aureus and treated with DBDP. The treatment voltage varied at 6.11, 9.25, and 11.86 kV. Treatment time at each voltage was controlled at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min.The most significant inhibition for E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus was observed in SP, followed by BP, DS, and BJ. The highest log reduction (2.67 log CFU/g) and injury (47.95%) were observed for E. coli O157:H7 in SP at 11.86 kV for 15 min. Overall, DBDP treatment was more effective in inactivating pathogens in powder type than in the solid type, regardless of pathogens. The DBDP treatment more effectively inactivated E. coli O157:H7 than S. aureus. Most E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus cells died with 20 min treatment. These results suggest that DBDP treatment is more effective against a gram-negative pathogen in powder types of food such as spices and seasoning powder. | INTRODUCTIONBeef jerky (BJ) and dried julienned squid (DS) have been highly prized in Far East countries such as Japan, Korea, China, Philippines, and Vietnam, where many people eat them as snacks, side dishes, or refreshments (Choi,

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Occurrence of Pathotypes of Escherichia coli in Aquatic Environment

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Captive Green Iguana Carries Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes

Captive Green Iguana Carries Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes

Captive green iguana is a reservoir of diarrheogenicEscherichia colipathotypes

Inactivating effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus in various dried products

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