Occurrence of Parasitoid Wasps, &lt;em&gt;Baeus&lt;/em&gt; sp. and &lt;em&gt;Gelis&lt;/em&gt; sp., in the Egg Sacs of the Wolf Spiders &lt;em&gt;Pardosa moesta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pardosa sternalis&lt;/em&gt; (Araneae, Lycosidae) in Southeastern Idaho

Cobb, Lisa M.; Cobb, Vincent A.

doi:10.22621/cfn.v118i1.894

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The general biology and behaviour of Echthrodesis is similar to that documented for other platygastroids that parasitise spider eggs (Vachon 1955;Valerio 1971;Bradoo 1972;Austin 1984c;Cobb and Cobb 2004). However, some aspects of the biology of Echthrodesis appear to be unique.…”

Section: Biologysupporting

confidence: 62%

Systematics and biology of the aberrant intertidal parasitoid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali Masner (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae s.l.): a parasitoid of spider eggs

Noort

Masner

Popovici

et al. 2014

Invert. Systematics

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Abstract. The platygastroid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali has been of considerable interest since its description in 1968, primarily because of its highly modified, densely pilose, wingless body, its distribution and unusual biology. The species is endemic to the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, where it is an endoparasitoid of eggs of the marine spiders Desis formidabilis (Desidae) and Amaurobioides africanus (Anyphaenidae) in the intertidal region. Although a highly aberrant monospecific genus, the phylogenetic relationships of Echthrodesis are confused, in part due to convergence in body form across numerous unrelated platygastroid genera. We used sequence data from the nuclear 28S rRNA and 18S rDNA genes, and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene, to determine the phylogenetic affinities of E. lamorali. We present a revised taxonomic description for the genus and species, as well as new morphological information on the structure of its mouthparts and ovipositor system. Phylogenetic analyses of molecular data place E. lamorali within one of two independent clades of platygastroid wasps that use spider eggs as hosts. Echthrodesis is sister to a group of three genera: Neobaeus (New Zealand; host unconfirmed); Mirobaeoides (Australia; spider eggs); and Embidobia (near cosmopolitan; embiid eggs). Details on the biology, behaviour and morphological adaptations of E. lamorali are provided.

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Section: Biologysupporting

confidence: 62%

Systematics and biology of the aberrant intertidal parasitoid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali Masner (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae s.l.): a parasitoid of spider eggs

Noort

Masner

Popovici

et al. 2014

Invert. Systematics

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“…Gelis agilis Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is a wingless, asexually reproducing facultative hyperparasitoid of several Cotesia species that is also potentially a primary parasitoid of many other hosts in nature. For example, in addition to parasitoid cocoons, G. agilis and other Gelis species are known to attack such evolutionarily divergent hosts such as moth pupae and even spider egg sacs (Bezant 1956;Schwarz and Boriani 1994;van Baarlen et al 1996;Cobb and Cobb 2004;Toth and Lucas 2005). In addition to nectar sources, adult G. agilis females obtain extra resources by feeding on host fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing and contrasting development and reproductive strategies in the pupal hyperparasitoids Lysibia nana and Gelis agilis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Harvey

2007

Evol Ecol

104

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In most animals, the optimal phenotype is determined by trade-offs in lifehistory traits. Here, I compare development and reproductive strategies in two species of solitary secondary hyperparasitoids, Lysibia nana and Gelis agilis, attacking pre-pupae of their primary parasitoid host, Cotesia glomerata. Parasitoid larvae of both species exploit a given amount of host resources with similar efficiency. However, adults exhibit quite different reproductive strategies. Both species are synovigenic, and female wasps emerge with no mature eggs. However, G. agilis must first host-feed to produce eggs, while L. nana does not host-feed but mobilizes internal resources carried over from larval feeding to initiate oogenesis. Further, G. agilis is wingless, produces large eggs, has a long life-span, and generates only small numbers of progeny per day, whereas these traits are reversed in L. nana. Given unlimited hosts, the fecundity curve in L. nana was ''front-loaded,'' whereas in G. agilis it was depressed and extended over much of adult life. In L. nana (but not G. agilis), wasps provided with honey but no hosts lived significantly longer than wasps provided with both honey and hosts. Differences in the fecundity curves of the two hyperparasitoids are probably based on differing costs of reproduction between them, with the wingless G. agilis much more constrained in finding hosts than the winged L. nana. Importantly, L. nana is known to be a specialist hyperparasitoid of gregarious Cotesia species that pupate in exposed locations on the food plant, whereas Gelis sp. attack and develop in divergent hosts such as parasitoid cocoons, moth pupae and spider egg sacs. Consequently, there is a strong match between brood size in C. glomerata and egg production in L. nana, but a mismatch between these parameters in G. agilis.

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“…(Ichneumonidae: Eulophidae) attacking Araneus omnicolor (Araneidae) (Sobczak et al 2012b(Sobczak et al , 2015. However, other records show that egg consumption is not always complete; if the number of parasitoids in the egg sac is low (Cobb and Cobb 2004) some spiderlings may emerge (Fitton et al 1988, Schwarz andShaw 1999). Similar results were recorded for Nephila edulis (Nephilidae) when attacked by larvae of the moth Anatrachyntis terminella (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae); in that case, even with low infestation (six larvae per egg sac), only up to 20% of the eggs hatched (Austin 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of egg sac predation on a wall crab spider Selenopidae (Araneae) by the wasp Camera lunavenatrix sp. n. (Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae)

Villanueva-Bonilla¹,

Onody²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

JHR

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Occurrence of Parasitoid Wasps, <em>Baeus</em> sp. and <em>Gelis</em> sp., in the Egg Sacs of the Wolf Spiders <em>Pardosa moesta</em> and <em>Pardosa sternalis</em> (Araneae, Lycosidae) in Southeastern Idaho

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Systematics and biology of the aberrant intertidal parasitoid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali Masner (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae s.l.): a parasitoid of spider eggs

Systematics and biology of the aberrant intertidal parasitoid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali Masner (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae s.l.): a parasitoid of spider eggs

Comparing and contrasting development and reproductive strategies in the pupal hyperparasitoids Lysibia nana and Gelis agilis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

First record of egg sac predation on a wall crab spider Selenopidae (Araneae) by the wasp Camera lunavenatrix sp. n. (Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae)

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