Occurrence of oocysts of<i>Cryptosporidium</i>sp. in<i>Larus</i>spp. gulls

Smith, H. V.; Brown, Joe R.; Coulson, J. C.; Morris, George; Girdwood, R. W. A.

doi:10.1017/s0950268800050767

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cryptosporidium was not detected in the wild felids and gulls tested during our study. These low prevalences were consistent with previous studies in which low Cryptosporidium prevalences were reported for bobcats (7%) (82) and gulls (0 to 5%) (46,60). In contrast, Cryptosporidium prevalences of 11% were reported in opossums (24), whereas during our study, detection was greatest in opossums (25%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence, Environmental Loading, and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Domestic and Wild Animals along the Central California Coast

Oates

Miller

Hardin³

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The risk of disease transmission from waterborne protozoa is often dependent on the origin (e.g., domestic animals versus wildlife), overall parasite load in contaminated waterways, and parasite genotype, with infections being linked to runoff or direct deposition of domestic animal and wildlife feces. Fecal samples collected from domestic animals and wildlife along the central California coast were screened to (i) compare the prevalence and associated risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species parasites, (ii) evaluate the relative importance of animal host groups that contribute to pathogen loading in coastal ecosystems, and (iii) characterize zoonotic and host-specific genotypes. Overall, 6% of fecal samples tested during 2007 to 2010 were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts and 15% were positive for Giardia cysts. Animal host group and age class were significantly associated with detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia parasites in animal feces. Fecal loading analysis revealed that infected beef cattle potentially contribute the greatest parasite load relative to other host groups, followed by wild canids. Beef cattle, however, shed host-specific, minimally zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis genotypes, whereas wild canids shed potentially zoonotic genotypes, including G. duodenalis assemblages A and B. Given that the parasite genotypes detected in cattle were not zoonotic, the public health risk posed by protozoan parasite shedding in cattle feces may be lower than that posed by other animals, such as wild canids, that routinely shed zoonotic genotypes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence, Environmental Loading, and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Domestic and Wild Animals along the Central California Coast

Oates

Miller

Hardin³

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and the number of C. parvum-like oocysts in the feces of some wild bird species can be high (14,33). Our findings indicate that birds may serve not only as passive carriers, as suggested by others (11,13), but also as active vectors that increase contamination of water with some C. parvum-like parasites and play a role in waterborne cryptosporidiosis outbreaks.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Morphologic, Host Specificity, and Molecular Characterization of a HungarianCryptosporidium meleagridisIsolate

Sréter

Kovács

Silva

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was undertaken in order to characterize Cryptosporidium meleagridis isolated from a turkey in Hungary and to compare the morphologies, host specificities, organ locations, and small-subunit RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of this organism and other Cryptosporidium species. The phenotypic differences between C. meleagridis and Cryptosporidium parvum Hungarian calf isolate (zoonotic genotype) oocysts were small, although they were statistically significant. Oocysts of C. meleagridis were successfully passaged in turkeys and were transmitted from turkeys to immunosuppressed mice and from mice to chickens. The location of C. meleagridis was the small intestine, like the location of C. parvum. A comparison of sequence data for the variable region of the SSU rRNA gene of C. meleagridis isolated from turkeys with other Cryptosporidium sequence data in the GenBank database revealed that the Hungarian C. meleagridis sequence is identical to a C. meleagridis sequence recently described for a North Carolina isolate. Thus, C. meleagridis is a distinct species that occurs worldwide and has a broad host range, like the C. parvum zoonotic strain (also called the calf or bovine strain) and Cryptosporidium felis. Because birds are susceptible to C. meleagridis and to some zoonotic strains of C. parvum, these animals may play an active role in contamination of surface waters not only with Cryptosporidium baileyi but also with C. parvum-like parasites.

show abstract

“…Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in feces and cloacal samples of migratory gulls in Scotland (L. argentatus, L. ridibundus;Smith et al, 1993) and Czechland (L. ridibundus;Pavlásek, 1993). Infectious cryptosporidial oocysts were found in feces of migratory B. canadensis in Maryland (USA; Graczyk et al, 1998).…”

Section: Eimeriinamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Annotated Checklist of Pathogenic Microorganisms Associated With Migratory Birds

Hubálek

2004

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

394

312

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The potential for transport and dissemination of certain pathogenic microorganisms by migratory birds is of concern. Migratory birds might be involved in dispersal of microorganisms as their biological carriers, mechanical carriers, or as carriers of infected hematophagous ectoparasites (e.g., ixodid ticks). Many species of microorganisms pathogenic to homeothermic vertebrates including humans have been associated with free-living migratory birds. Migratory birds of diverse species can play significant roles in the ecology and circulation of some arboviruses (e.g., eastern and western equine encephalomyelitis and Sindbis alphaviruses, West Nile and St. Louis encephalitis flaviviruses), influenza A virus, Newcastle disease virus, duck plague herpesvirus, Chlamydophila psittaci, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica, Pasteurella multocida, Mycobacterium avium, Candida spp., and avian hematozoans. The efficiency of dispersal of pathogenic microorganisms depends on a wide variety of biotic and abiotic factors affecting the survival of the agent in, or disappearance from, a habitat or ecosystem in a new geographic area.

show abstract

Occurrence of oocysts ofCryptosporidiumsp. inLarusspp. gulls

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence, Environmental Loading, and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Domestic and Wild Animals along the Central California Coast

Prevalence, Environmental Loading, and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Domestic and Wild Animals along the Central California Coast

Morphologic, Host Specificity, and Molecular Characterization of a HungarianCryptosporidium meleagridisIsolate

An Annotated Checklist of Pathogenic Microorganisms Associated With Migratory Birds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About