Occurrence of nitrate in Tanzanian groundwater aquifers: A review

Elisante, Eliapenda; Muzuka, Alfred N. N.

doi:10.1007/s13201-015-0269-z

Cited by 91 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It would be interesting to ascertain how dilution of water by direct runoff mean in terms of SAs pollution by analysing key water quality parameters such as nitrate and faecal matters. A study in Arusha found that wells that were open to runoff were more polluted than those prevented from direct runoff and which were recharged by water that had filtered through the soil matrix (vadose zone) (Elisante and Muzuka 2015). Previous studies indicated that nitrate pollution was a major problem in groundwater (Nkotagu 1996b, c;Shemsanga et al 2017).…”

Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locals, however, were unable to explain why there were such seasonal variations in salt content of the SDWs. The locals failed to link seasonal salt dilution due to recharge and subsequent concentrations with ET and over-abstraction during dry months, and the fact that at the peak of dry seasons, recharged water would have interacted with the soil/ rock matrices for a longer period (Elisante and Muzuka 2015). Generally, the seasonal salinity variation as observed by the locals would be affected by the direct recharge into the aquifers/wells during wet season (De Louw et al 2013;Shemsanga et al 2017).…”

Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, since the wells are shallow and mostly open to ET, pure water from SDWs progressively escape the mixture and in the process leaving more salt concentrated waters. Furthermore, during the dry season, the water being abstracted is pure groundwater that has interacted with salt minerals in the rock matrix for relatively longer periods (Elisante and Muzuka 2015). Similarly, since the wells are shallow and mostly open to ET, pure water progressively escape the mixture and in the process leaving more salt concentrated waters.…”

Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indigenous knowledge on development and management of shallow dug wells of Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania

et al. 2018

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Dodoma city, central Tanzania, seats in a semi-arid region of East Africa with limited rains and surface water resources. Consequently, the area largely depends on shallow and deep aquifers for its freshwater needs. Owing to harsh climatic conditions, chronic lack of year-round surface water bodies and, limited development of water distribution infrastructures, over year's local people have nurtured, developed and, passed on important indigenous knowledge (IK) on exploiting and managing shallow aquifers (SAs). However, there is no clear documented administrative plans for the SAs and the roles of IK, which is widely practised in developing SDWs and managing SAs, are not properly documented. This study intended to assess the extent of shallow dug wells (SDWs) utilization and contribution of IK on management of SAs of indigenous people of Dodoma Municipality. The methods followed include critical field observations, measurements and, focus group discussions done during both the dry season (Sep.-Oct. 2013) and wet season (Dec. 2013-Feb. 2014). The results show that SDWs occur widely in the city, particularly in the suburbs, where they often serve as the only sources of freshwater and heavily dependent by the populace. It is clear that there is rich IK on management of SAs including on groundwater exploration, digging, water allocation, pricing, and even on water quality and, water treatment skills. The aforementioned IK clearly contribute to water sufficiency to the populace and general management of groundwater such as enhancing recharge mechanisms where about 1% of local rainfall is recharged through a network of SDWs compared to ~ 5-10% that is naturally being recharged by rainfall through the vadose zone. Thus, as much as the current policy framework and groundwater managers do not recognize the roles of IK and contributions of SDWs as key water sources, it is clear that IK contributes to the groundwater management and SDWs already support large part of the society. While it is globally appreciated that vital skills on SDWs management are vanishing, local people in Dodoma still retain them and should, therefore, be preserved. It is further recommended that IK are strengthened, improved and most importantly, incorporated in the local water resources management plans that already advocate on integrated approaches but which clearly ignores the IK and the local people's efforts to explore and manage water resource, particularly SAs.

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Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Quality and Seasonal Variation In Salinity And Water Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indigenous knowledge on development and management of shallow dug wells of Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania

et al. 2018

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“…For example, it was during this decade that Tanzania established its own water quality standards through the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS, 2008). Some review articles have been written on the subject, including that by Byrceson et al (1990) which featured the East African Region by Mohamed (2003) which featured studies conducted between late 1970s to late 1990s and by Elisante and Muzuka (2015) which featured occurrence of nitrate in ground water aquifers, among others. However, no review has been done on studies conducted in the most recent decade (2006 to 2016).…”

Section: Review Of Water Quality Assessment Studies In Tanzania 2006 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Another decade of water quality assessment studies in Tanzania: Status, challenges and future prospects

Hellar-Kihampa¹

2017

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Increased population pressure and environmental stressors have amplified research on water quality both locally and globally. In Tanzania, water quality assessment is a mature discipline, with an over four-decade history. In this article, studies on water quality assessment in Tanzania from 2006 through 2016 are reviewed. The approach used is to scan selected publications to gather data and information on types and concentration levels of contaminants measured in surface and ground waters; their status, trends and potential health risks. The aim is to establish research gaps that call for further investigations and factors that hinder such efforts so as to provide insight that can facilitate future studies. Significant outputs were found in terms of study focuses and investigated locations. Lack of analytical facilities, complexity in the interpretation of toxicological data and data management practices represent major setbacks, while land-use practices, sea water intrusion, climate change and biogeochemical features continue to the scale-up threat on surface and ground water quality in the country. It is pragmatic that there is still a gap in research on such subjects as effects of climate change; effects of mixed toxicity of chemicals; risk characterization; analysis of emerging contaminants of concern and development of remediation plans for specific contamination problems. Some strategies towards ameliorating the challenges are suggested. The study puts forwards some recommendations, including the establishment of a National Water Quality Assessment Programme that will provide central water quality descriptions of the nation water resources.

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“…Groundwater is commonly alternative water resources in areas where surface water is not accessible (Sungsitthisawad & Pitaksanurat, 2013). Ground water constitutes 97% of global fresh water (Bharti et al, 2011) whose quantity, quality, accessibility and recharge depend mostly on geology, geomorphology, land use and levels of precipitation (Elisante & Muzuka, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Depth and Distance of the Borehole from the Septic Tank on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Water

Mlipano

Richard²,

Chenge

2017

JFS

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A study to examine the effect of depth and distance of the boreholes from the septic tank on physico-chemical parameters of the borehole water consumed in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania was conducted. Samples were collected from 48 boreholes in Ilala, Kinondoni and Temeke districts and subjected to pH, B.O.D (Biological Oxygen Demand), total hardness, copper and lead analyses in relation to safety and quality levels set by WHO and TBS. Analysis by R-statistics indicated that pH and B.O.D significantly (p<0.05) decreased as the depth of borehole increased, whereas total hardness was significantly (p<0.05) higher in very deep boreholes than the other heights. Total hardness and pH were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by distance between septic tank and borehole and the B.O.D levels were significantly higher in the borehole water situated near the septic tank than those which were Journal of Food Studies ISSN 2377-1356 2018 far. Based on the physico-chemical characteristics of water, 25% of the samples did not comply with WHO and TBS specification limits while 75% complied, most of which had shallow depths and were situated near the septic tank. It may thus be concluded that both the distance and the depth between septic tank and borehole influenced physico-chemical characteristics of water.

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Occurrence of nitrate in Tanzanian groundwater aquifers: A review

Cited by 91 publications

References 48 publications

Indigenous knowledge on development and management of shallow dug wells of Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania

Indigenous knowledge on development and management of shallow dug wells of Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania

Another decade of water quality assessment studies in Tanzania: Status, challenges and future prospects

Effect of Depth and Distance of the Borehole from the Septic Tank on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Water

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