Occurrence of mycosporine-like amino acids in the red-tide dinoflagellate <i>Alexandrium excavatum</i>: UV-photoprotective compounds?

Carreto, José I.; Carignan, Mario O.; Daleo, Gustavo Raúl; Marco, Silvia G. De

doi:10.1093/plankt/12.5.909

“…For example, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) show absorption maxima from 310 to 360 nm and have been identified in a wide variety of marine organisms, including dinoflagellates (Carreto et al, 1990) and macroalgae (Sivalingam et al, 1974;Wood, 1989). However, pennate diatoms -and most benthic diatoms are pennate -have been shown to contain very low concentrations of MAAs (Helbling et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Scholz

¹

,

Rúa

²

,

Liebezeit

³

2014

European Journal of Phycology

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“…Few recent studies have directly addressed the question of MAAs in HAB species. The effects of high irradiance on MAA production in Alexandrium tamarense (previously A. excavatum) were studied by Carreto et al (1990). A. tamarense was transferred from low to high light conditions, inducing rapid production of UV-absorbing compounds identified as MAAs.…”

Section: B Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and Models for Marine Optics Sources and Sinks

Mitchell¹

2000

0

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average one hour per response, including the time tor reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of Information, Including suggestions for reducing the burden to Washington Headquarters Services. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Office of The goal of this project was to develop a solar simulating UV-visible incubator to grow HAB dinoflagellates, to begin MAA analysis of samples collected on global cruises, and to carry out initial experiments on HAB dinoflagellate species in pure culture. Our scientific objectives are to quantify MAA production and spectral induction mechanisms in HAB species, to characterize spectral absorption of MAAs, and to define the ecological benefit of MAAs (i.e. photoprotection). Data collected on cruises to the global oceans will be used to parameterize phytoplankton absorption in the UV region, and this parameterization could be incorporated into existing models of seawater optical properties in the UV spectral region. Data collected in this project were used for graduate fellowship applications by Elizabeth Frame. She has been awarded an EPA STAR fellowship to continue the work initiated by this project. SUBJECT TERMS AbstractThe development of an enhanced predictive and early warning capability for the occurrence and impact of harmful algal blooms (HABs) would be of great benefit to coastal communities. A critical issue for early detection and monitoring of HABs is the need to detect harmful algal species within a mixed-species phytoplankton assemblage. Possession of UV-absorbing compounds called mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) may be one factor that allows HAB species to out-compete their phytoplankton neighbors. Possession of MAAs, which we believe can be inferred from strong UVabsorption signals in phytoplankton absorption coefficients, can be used as a flag for potential HAB outbreak. The goal of this project was to develop a solar simulating UVvisible incubator to grow HAB dinoflagellates, to begin MAA analysis of samples collected on global cruises, and to carry out initial experiments on HAB dinoflagellate species in pure culture. Our scientific objectives are to quantify MAA production and spectral induction mechanisms in HAB species, to characterize spectral absorption of MAAs, and to define the ecological benefit of MAAs (i.e. photoprotection). Data collected on cruises to the global oceans will be used to parameterize phytoplankton absorption in the UV region, and this parameterization could be incorporated into existing models of seawater optical properties in the UV spectral region. Data collected in this project were used for graduate fellowship applications by Elizabeth Frame. She has been awarded an EPA STAR fellowship to continue the work initiated by this project.

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“…One class of UV-absorbing compounds is mycosporine amino acids (MAAs). Over 20 types of MAAs, with peak absorption maxima ranging from 310 -360 nm, have been identified in marine organisms, including dinoflagellates (Karentz et al, 1991a;Carreto et al, 1990). These compounds confer protection from UVR to sea urchin eggs (Adams and Shick, 1996) but their photoprotective role in phytoplankton though widely speculated, has yet to be definitively proven.…”

Section: Narrative Statement a Goal Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This, coupled with their ability to vertically migrate away from nutrientdepleted surface waters into deeper, nutrient-replete waters at night, may be one attribute that allows them to form massive, monospecific blooms (Carreto, 1990;Vernet et al, 1989).…”

Section: B Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in natural environments cells are not exposed to the same light conditions for the entire day, much less several weeks. One of the few studies (Carreto et al, 1990) which involved sampling on small time scales (every three hours) found that upon transfer from low to high light, UV-absorption in A. tamarense increased strongly in the first three hours, then declined slightly in the next three hours. This indicates the need for frequent sampling.…”

Section: B Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods and Models of Marine Optics Sources and Sinks

Mitchell¹

1997

0

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average one hour per response, including the time tor reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of Information, Including suggestions for reducing the burden to Washington Headquarters Services. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Office of The goal of this project was to develop a solar simulating UV-visible incubator to grow HAB dinoflagellates, to begin MAA analysis of samples collected on global cruises, and to carry out initial experiments on HAB dinoflagellate species in pure culture. Our scientific objectives are to quantify MAA production and spectral induction mechanisms in HAB species, to characterize spectral absorption of MAAs, and to define the ecological benefit of MAAs (i.e. photoprotection). Data collected on cruises to the global oceans will be used to parameterize phytoplankton absorption in the UV region, and this parameterization could be incorporated into existing models of seawater optical properties in the UV spectral region. Data collected in this project were used for graduate fellowship applications by Elizabeth Frame. She has been awarded an EPA STAR fellowship to continue the work initiated by this project. SUBJECT TERMS AbstractThe development of an enhanced predictive and early warning capability for the occurrence and impact of harmful algal blooms (HABs) would be of great benefit to coastal communities. A critical issue for early detection and monitoring of HABs is the need to detect harmful algal species within a mixed-species phytoplankton assemblage. Possession of UV-absorbing compounds called mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) may be one factor that allows HAB species to out-compete their phytoplankton neighbors. Possession of MAAs, which we believe can be inferred from strong UVabsorption signals in phytoplankton absorption coefficients, can be used as a flag for potential HAB outbreak. The goal of this project was to develop a solar simulating UVvisible incubator to grow HAB dinoflagellates, to begin MAA analysis of samples collected on global cruises, and to carry out initial experiments on HAB dinoflagellate species in pure culture. Our scientific objectives are to quantify MAA production and spectral induction mechanisms in HAB species, to characterize spectral absorption of MAAs, and to define the ecological benefit of MAAs (i.e. photoprotection). Data collected on cruises to the global oceans will be used to parameterize phytoplankton absorption in the UV region, and this parameterization could be incorporated into existing models of seawater optical properties in the UV spectral region. Data collected in this project were used for graduate fellowship applications by Elizabeth Frame. She has been awarded an EPA STAR fellowship to continue the work initiated by this project.

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Occurrence of mycosporine-like amino acids in the red-tide dinoflagellate Alexandrium excavatum: UV-photoprotective compounds?

Cited by 227 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Methods and Models for Marine Optics Sources and Sinks

Methods and Models of Marine Optics Sources and Sinks

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