Occurrence of manganese, copper and zinc in myelin. Alterations in the peripheral nervous system of dysmyelinating trembler mutant are at variance with brain mutants (quaking and shiverer)

Bourre, Jean‐Marie; Cloëz, Isabelle; Galliot, M; Buisine, A.; Dumont, Odile; Piciotti, M.; Prouillet, F.; Bourdon, R

doi:10.1016/0197-0186(87)90101-x

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Circulating fatty acids are incorporated into adult myelin [146,147], and a few studies suggest that myelinating cells rely on fatty acid uptake for myelin biosynthesis [148][149][150]. However, because fatty acid uptake can be passive and because most fatty acids can be synthesized by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, the reliance of myelinating cells on fatty acid uptake is difficult to study.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Poitelon

Kopec

Belin

2020

Cells

211

152

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Myelin is critical for the proper function of the nervous system and one of the most complex cell–cell interactions of the body. Myelination allows for the rapid conduction of action potentials along axonal fibers and provides physical and trophic support to neurons. Myelin contains a high content of lipids, and the formation of the myelin sheath requires high levels of fatty acid and lipid synthesis, together with uptake of extracellular fatty acids. Recent studies have further advanced our understanding of the metabolism and functions of myelin fatty acids and lipids. In this review, we present an overview of the basic biology of myelin lipids and recent insights on the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and functions in myelinating cells. In addition, this review may serve to provide a foundation for future research characterizing the role of fatty acids and lipids in myelin biology and metabolic disorders affecting the central and peripheral nervous system.

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Section: Fatty Acid Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Poitelon

Kopec

Belin

2020

Cells

211

152

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“…Dysmyelinating mutant mice [quaking (Qk), shiverer (Shi), and trembler (Tr)] present abnormal concentrations of manganese, copper, and zinc in their nervous systems (Rosenfeld et al, 1983;Bourre et al, 1987;Cloez and Bourre, 1987). The present work was undertaken to measure the activities of SOD, GSH per-oxidase, GSH reductase, and catalase in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and sciatic nerve of these mutant mice to examine further the role of the metals in enzymatic activities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Protective Enzymes Against Peroxidation in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System of Control and Dysmyelinating Mutant Mice

Cloëz

Tayarani

Morel

et al. 1989

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The activities of peroxide-detoxifying enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase were measured in the nervous system of neurological dysmyelinating mutants: quaking (Qk), shiverer (Shi), and trembler (Tr) mice. Cu/Zn-SOD activity was higher in the cerebellum of Qk and Shi mice (by 53% and 106%, respectively) in comparison with controls, but it was the same in the cerebellum of Tr mice and their corresponding controls. In contrast, there was no difference in the level of Cu/Zn-SOD activity in the cerebrum of Qk, Shi, and Tr mice and their respective controls. Mn-SOD activity was the same among all the mutants compared to control animals in both cerebrum and cerebellum. In Shi cerebellum, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were slightly decreased (a 21.6% and a 13.2% diminution, respectively), whereas catalase activity in cerebrum and cerebellum was the same among mutants and control mice. In the sciatic nerve from Tr mice, all the enzymatic activities were enhanced: sixfold increase for total SOD, and 2.4-fold, 3.5-fold, and 1.8-fold increase for glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase, respectively.

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“…(12). A greater concentration of Mn in dysmyelinated WM was also observed in shi mice (72), meaning that the observation is not unique to the les model.…”

Section: Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Differences in iron and manganese concentration may confound the measurement of myelin fromR₁andR₂relaxation rates in studies of dysmyelination

et al. 2016

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A model of dysmyelination, the Long Evans Shaker (les) rat, was used to study the contribution of myelin to MR tissue properties in white matter. A large region of white matter was identified in the deep cerebellum and was used for measurements of the MR relaxation rate constants, R1 = 1/T1 and R2 = 1/T2 , at 7 T. In this study, R1 of the les deep cerebellar white matter was found to be 0.55 ± 0.08 s (-1) and R2 was found to be 15 ± 1 s(-1) , revealing significantly lower R1 and R2 in les white matter relative to wild-type (wt: R1 = 0.69 ± 0.05 s(-1) and R2 = 18 ± 1 s(-1) ). These deviated from the expected ΔR1 and ΔR2 values, given a complete lack of myelin in the les white matter, derived from the literature using values of myelin relaxivity, and we suspect that metals could play a significant role. The absolute concentrations of the paramagnetic transition metals iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were measured by a micro-synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (μSRXRF) technique, with significantly greater Fe and Mn in les white matter than in wt (in units of μg [metal]/g [wet weight tissue]: les: Fe concentration,19 ± 1; Mn concentration, 0.71 ± 0.04; wt: Fe concentration,10 ± 1; Mn concentration, 0.47 ± 0.04). These changes in Fe and Mn could explain the deviations in R1 and R2 from the expected values in white matter. Although it was found that the influence of myelin still dominates R1 and R2 in wt rats, there were non-negligible changes in the contribution of the metals to relaxation. Although there are already problems with the estimation of myelin from R1 and R2 changes in disease models with pathology that also affects the relaxation rate constants, this study points to a specific pitfall in the estimation of changes in myelin in diseases or models with disrupted concentrations of paramagnetic transition metals. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Occurrence of manganese, copper and zinc in myelin. Alterations in the peripheral nervous system of dysmyelinating trembler mutant are at variance with brain mutants (quaking and shiverer)

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Alterations in Protective Enzymes Against Peroxidation in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System of Control and Dysmyelinating Mutant Mice

Differences in iron and manganese concentration may confound the measurement of myelin fromR₁andR₂relaxation rates in studies of dysmyelination

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Occurrence of manganese, copper and zinc in myelin. Alterations in the peripheral nervous system of dysmyelinating trembler mutant are at variance with brain mutants (quaking and shiverer)

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Alterations in Protective Enzymes Against Peroxidation in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System of Control and Dysmyelinating Mutant Mice

Differences in iron and manganese concentration may confound the measurement of myelin fromR1andR2relaxation rates in studies of dysmyelination

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Differences in iron and manganese concentration may confound the measurement of myelin fromR₁andR₂relaxation rates in studies of dysmyelination