Occurrence of <scp>M</scp>eloidogyne spp. in Cerrado Vegetations and Reaction of Native Plants to <scp>M</scp>eloidogyne javanica

Silva, Joelma G. P.; Furlanetto, Cléber; Almeida, M. R. A.; Rocha, David B.; Mattos, Vanessa S.; Correa, Valdir R.; Carneiro, R. M. D. G.

doi:10.1111/jph.12211

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…A similar predominance of M. javanica and M. incognita occurs under, natural vegetation in Brazil (e.g. [26,41,42], or on crops such as potato [43]. Studies from Brazil also demonstrate low genetic diversity among the populations of these two species [27,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In a second step, 23 populations of Meloidogyne spp. were used for molecular studies: a subset of 14 African purified populations previously identified by isozyme esterase phenotypes and a further eight from Brazil and El Salvador that had been used as standards in previous studies and identified by the same method [26][27][28]. The populations were randomly selected as representatives of the different countries and localities, considering the esterase phenotypes similar to the selected Brazilian populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Meloidogyne spp. from peri-urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa and their genetic similarity with populations from the Latin America

Santos

Mattos

Monteiro

et al. 2019

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

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A B S T R A C TIn Africa, peri-urban vegetable production systems supply perishable vegetables to the rapidly expanding urban centers. These highly intensive systems are characterized by high levels of pests and diseases and an excessive use of synthetic pesticides to reduce their population densities. Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are especially prevalent in these systems but are often not recognized, or diagnosed correctly. The limited ability to accurately identify these pathogens likely results in the inappropriate use and misuse of control measures, such as genetic resistance, crop rotation, or synthetic chemicals. Given the perceived importance of RKN, a species characterization study was conducted in peri-urban vegetable (amaranthus, cabbage, pepper, carrot, cassava, eggplant, okra, tomato) fields and some coffee plantations, in Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. Meloidogyne spp. were characterized from 143 field samples using esterase phenotypes (EST) and SCAR markers. Five known species were identified: three phenotypes for M. javanica populations (EST J3, Rm: 1.0, 1.25, 1.4; EST J2a, Rm: 1.0, 1.4; EST J2b, Rm: 1.0, 1.25), two for M. incognita (EST I1, Rm: 1.0; EST I2, Rm: 1.05, 1.0), one for M. arenaria (EST A2, Rm: 1.2, 1.3), one for M. enterolobii (EST E4, Rm: 0.70, 0.75, 0.90, 0.95), one for M. izalcoensis (EST I4 Rm: 0.86, 0.96, 1.24, 1.30) and two unusual esterase phenotypes for two unknown species, named Meloidogyne sp.1 and sp.2. Combinations of species were detected from numerous locations. Genetic diversity was further studied using RAPD primers, by comparing a subset of the sampled populations from Africa and some populations from Brazil and El Salvador. The analysis identified separate clusters of the more common and minor species, with low variability observed for African and American populations. The SCAR markers correctly identified all Meloidogyne species with the exception of M. ethiopica, Meloidogyne sp.1 and Meloidogyne sp.2. For Meloidogyne sp.1, the SCAR markers corresponded wrongly to M. javanica and M. arenaria, and for Meloidogyne sp.2 to M. incognita. This demonstrates the shortcomings of using SCAR markers alone, which can generate erroneous results for RKN species. Further morphological and molecular studies are required to clarify the identity of these two atypical species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Meloidogyne spp. from peri-urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa and their genetic similarity with populations from the Latin America

Santos

Mattos

Monteiro

et al. 2019

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The nematodes Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita were reported by Silva et al (2013) in a cerrado soil sample collected in the Clean Field phytophysiognomy, an area with a predominance of grasses, among which are the species tested in this study. Considering that Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita need hostplants for their survival, it is likely to infer that, in the phytophysiognomies of Cerrado where Andropogon bicornis occurs, both nematodes will infect and reproduce in this host.…”

Section: Symptoms On the Roots Of Plants Inoculated With Meloidogyne Sppmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The populations of Meloidogyne spp. used in this study were collected in Cerrado areas under permanent preservation in Brasília, Federal District, according to a survey conducted by Silva et al (2013). Meloidogyne paranaensis, was obtained from the Embrapa-Cenargen collection.…”

Section: Origin Identification and Maintenance Of Meloidogyne Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gall-inducing nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne have been reported to occur in soils of cerrado areas under permanent preservation (SOUZA;DOLINSKI;HUANG, 1994;SILVA et al, 2013). According to Antes et al (2012) and Silva et al (2013), Meloidogyne species occur in low population density in soils occupied with native vegetation, surviving due to the interaction with plant species. According to the same authors, the low population density of nematodes in areas occupied with native vegetation can be explained by the diversity and the genetic variability of vegetation present in those areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hospedabilidade de plantas do Bioma Cerrado a Meloidogyne spp.

et al. 2021

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Dentre os biomas brasileiros, o Cerrado é o segundo em extensão territorial e em diversidade de espécies vegetais e animais. A biodiversidade do Cerrado tem sido estudada no que tange a sua flora e fauna, carecendo de dados de microorganismos representantes da microfauna, a exemplo dos nematoides de galhas radiculares. Meloidogyne spp. são nematoides endoparasitas sedentários de plantas. A sua presença em solo de áreas com vegetação nativa de cerrado, sob preservação, é um forte indício de que a sua permanência ocorre devido ao parasitismo de plantas nativas. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a hospedabilidade de plantas ocorrentes no bioma cerrado a Meloidogyne spp. Foram selecionadas trinta e cinco espécies vegetais desse bioma, incluindo espécies gramíneas e arbóreas, para estudo da hospedabilidade frente a três isolados de Meloidogyne coletados em área nativa de cerrado sob preservação (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne morocciensis), além de uma espécie até então exótica ao cerrado (Meloidogyne paranaensis). Foram inoculados 5.000 ovos e eventuais juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) de cada espécie de nematoide por planta. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com 35 tratamentos (plantas nativas) e 5 repetições, tendo sido repetidos no tempo. As variáveis avaliadas foram índice de galhas e de massas de ovos, ovos e J2 por grama de raiz e fator de reprodução, além da sintomatologia causada pelos nematoides nas raízes. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram consideradas hospedeiras, com média do Fator de Reprodução (FR)1,0: Triplaris gardneriana para Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis para Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne incognita e Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne incognita. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram classificadas como hospedeiras potenciais, com FR1,0 para pelo menos uma das repetições: Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa para Meloidogyne javanica e Guibourtia hymenifolia para Meloidogyne incognita. As demais espécies vegetais foram classificadas como não hospedeiras para as condições deste estudo. As plantas inoculadas apresentaram sintomas variados nas raízes como a presença de galhas associadas a massas de ovos, formação de massas de ovos sem galhas, rachaduras com massas de ovos e ausência de galhas e intumescimento com massas de ovos.

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Mitochondrial Haplotype-Based Identification of Ethanol-Preserved Root-Knot Nematodes from Africa

Pagan¹,

Coyne²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2015

Phytopathology®

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The asexual root-knot nematodes (RKNs) (Meloidogyne spp.) exemplified by Meloidogyne incognita are widespread and damaging pests in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Comparison of amplification products of two adjacent polymorphic regions of the mitochondrial genome using DNA extracts of characterized RKN strains, including 15 different species, indicate that several species are derived from the same or closely related female lineages. Nevertheless, M. javanica, M. enterolobii, M. incognita, and other key species could each be assigned unique mitochondrial haplotypes based on polymerase chain reaction fragment size and restriction cleavage patterns. M. arenaria isolates did not group as a single haplotype, consistent with other reports of diversity within this species. To test the utility of this assay, we characterized ethanol-preserved samples from 103 single-species isolates from four countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Benin, Nigeria, Kenya, and Tanzania). Mitochondrial haplotypes corresponding to M. javanica and M. incognita were the most prevalent. Samples from western Africa included several instances of M. enterolobii but this species was not detected in samples from East Africa. This protocol provides progress toward a standardized strategy for identification of RKN species from small, preserved samples and a rational starting point for classifying species present in regions where previous knowledge has been limited.

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Occurrence of Meloidogyne spp. in Cerrado Vegetations and Reaction of Native Plants to Meloidogyne javanica

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Diversity of Meloidogyne spp. from peri-urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa and their genetic similarity with populations from the Latin America

Diversity of Meloidogyne spp. from peri-urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa and their genetic similarity with populations from the Latin America

Hospedabilidade de plantas do Bioma Cerrado a <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.

Mitochondrial Haplotype-Based Identification of Ethanol-Preserved Root-Knot Nematodes from Africa

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