Occurrence of hydroxamate siderophore iron chelators in soils

Powell, P.; Cline, Gary R.; Reid, C. P. P.; Szaniszlo, Paul J.

doi:10.1038/287833a0

Cited by 265 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Plants may limit iron uptake under those conditions by the oxidation of ferrous ions with oxygen, which is transported from the shoot via aerenchyma (Foy et al, 1978). Iron in aerobic soils is mainly present as the ferric ion in precipitates (Lindsay et al, 1982) or in soluble chelates (Powell et al, 1980). Chaney et al (1972) reported that dicotyledonous plants might enhance their capacity for iron uptake, in response to a developing deficiency, by increasing their ability to reduce ferric chelates at the root surface.…”

Section: Distribution Of Iron In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Iron in Plant Growth and Metabolism

Rout

Sahoo

2015

RAS

612

275

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Section: Distribution Of Iron In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Iron in Plant Growth and Metabolism

Rout

Sahoo

2015

RAS

612

275

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Such environments include fresh and marine waters, divergent soils, and living organisms (8,10,14,16,(27)(28)(29). In these ecosystems, micromolar concentrations of siderophores have been noted (16,27,28).Siderophores are virulence factors for both animal and plant pathogens (2, 3, 9-11, 18, 23). Indeed, the sequestration of iron by the host is an innate immune mechanism that may limit the course of pathogenic infections (8,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Pathway and Generation of Monohydroxamic Acids from the Trihydroxamate Siderophore Deferrioxamine B

Pierwola¹,

Krupinski²,

Zalupski

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Siderophores are avid ferric ion-chelating molecules that sequester the metal for microbes. Microbes elicit siderophores in numerous and different environments, but the means by which these molecules reenter the carbon and nitrogen cycles is poorly understood. The metabolism of the trihydroxamic acid siderophore deferrioxamine B by a Mesorhizobium loti isolated from soil was investigated. Specifically, the pathway by which the compound is cleaved into its constituent monohydroxamates was examined. High-performance liquid chromatography and mass-spectroscopy analyses demonstrated that M. loti enzyme preparations degraded deferrioxamine B, yielding a mass-to-charge (m/z) 361 dihydroxamic acid intermediate and an m/z 219 monohydroxamate. The dihydroxamic acid was further degraded to yield a second molecule of the m/z 219 monohydroxamate as well as an m/z 161 monohydroxamate. These studies indicate that the dissimilation of deferrioxamine B by M. loti proceeds by a specific, achiral degradation and likely represents the reversal by which hydroxamate siderophores are thought to be synthesized.Elemental iron (Fe) is required to synthesize a number of key enzymes and biomolecules (1,8,14,(24)(25)(26)). Iron's biological availability, however, is restricted in those environments where oxygen gas is present and the prevailing pH is near neutrality or is alkaline. As the solution to the problem of acquiring sufficient amounts of Fe, numerous microbes employ siderophores, that is, avid, organic, microbial ferric ion chelators which sequester iron from environments where it is in short supply. Siderophores are thus essential to the nutrition of microbes existing in environments that would otherwise limit their growth (1,8,14,24,25). Such environments include fresh and marine waters, divergent soils, and living organisms (8,10,14,16,(27)(28)(29). In these ecosystems, micromolar concentrations of siderophores have been noted (16,27,28).Siderophores are virulence factors for both animal and plant pathogens (2, 3, 9-11, 18, 23). Indeed, the sequestration of iron by the host is an innate immune mechanism that may limit the course of pathogenic infections (8,14). Much research has been conducted to investigate the biosynthesis, iron chelation, iron assimilation, and genetics which allow microbes to acquire iron via siderophores. Far less attention, however, has been given to the study of how siderophores are mineralized and returned to the carbon and nitrogen cycles.Three siderophore-degrading microbes, a pseudomonad (33-35), Azospirillum irakense (36, 37), and Mesorhizobium loti (4,7,17,39), catabolize siderophores concomitant with their growth. Neilands and colleagues (33-35) observed that their microbe, named Pseudomonas FC1, degraded the hydroxamate siderophores ferrichrome, ferrichrome A, and coprogen, with ferrichrome A being the most facile to degrade. Pseudomonas FC1 siderophore degradation was due to inducible enzymes and could occur with either the deferrisiderophore or the ferrisiderophore. The enzymes required to degr...

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“…The functional groups present in the hydroxamate siderophore produced by the strain SD12 was confirmed by further spectral and chromatographic analysis. Powell et al 12 have shown that hydroxamate siderophores are present in various soils and they are also produced in aquatic environments. Further excessive accumulation of heavy metals is toxic to most plants and contaminates the soil which result decreased soil microbial activity and soil fertility, .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxamate Siderophore from Bacillus sp SD12 Isolated from Iron Factory Soil

Radhakrishnan¹,

Samshath²,

Balagurunathan³

2014

Curr World Environ

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The present study reports siderophores production from bacteria isolated from Iron factory soil and its antifungal activity. Of the twelve morphologically different bacterial cultures isolated from iron factory soil, Kanchipuram, only two strains SD6 and SD12 showed siderophores production in Chrome Azurol S assay. Strain SD12 which showed maximum siderophores production, was selected for further studies. Siderophores produced by the strain SD12 was identified as hydroxymate type. Partial purification was carriedout by ammonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis. The molecular weight of partially purified siderophores was found to be 80KDa and it showed good antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger and Phythium sp. The potential strain was identified as Bacillus sp SD12 based on their phenotypic characteristics. Further purification and characterization of siderophores from strain SD12 pave the way for its utilization in the field of medicine and agriculture.

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Occurrence of hydroxamate siderophore iron chelators in soils

Cited by 265 publications

References 8 publications

Role of Iron in Plant Growth and Metabolism

Role of Iron in Plant Growth and Metabolism

Degradation Pathway and Generation of Monohydroxamic Acids from the Trihydroxamate Siderophore Deferrioxamine B

Hydroxamate Siderophore from Bacillus sp SD12 Isolated from Iron Factory Soil

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