Occurrence of hordatines, the barley antifungal colnpounds, in a wheat-barley chromosome addition line.

Nomura, Taiji; Sue, Masayuki; Horikoshi, Ryo; Tebayashi, Shin‐ichi; Ishihara, Atsushi; Endo, Takashi R.; Iwamura, Hajime

doi:10.1266/ggs.74.99

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As shown in Figs. 2D and 2E, the peaks of hordatines were clearly detectable in the wheat line carrying the 2HS chromosome arm, supporting the previous hypothesis that 2HS is responsible for the hordatine production (Nomura et al, 1999). Although this sensitive method detected the presence of hordatines in wheat (Figs.…”

Section: Quantitative Analyses Of Hordatines and Precursor Agmatine Csupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The mixture was filtered through a disposable membrane filter (Milex-LG, Millipore). Cloning of the ACT genes from parental barley and wheat cultivars of wheat-barley chromosome addition lines Since hordatines occur at maximum concentrations in barley seedlings 60-72 h after seeding (Nomura et al, 1999), total RNAs were isolated from 72-h-old shoots of barley (cv. Betzes) and wheat (cv.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hordatine M, biologically inactive glycoconjugates of hordatines A and B, is also present in a small amount. The amounts of hordatines A and B reach the maximum about three days after seeding, and then decrease to low levels (Nomura et al, 1999). They are considered to play an important role in the plant defense during the juvenile stage of growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, it was suggested that the short arm of chromosome 2H of barley (2HS) is responsible for the hordatine biosynthesis because substantial amounts of hordatines were detected in a common wheat (Triticum aestivum) line carrying barley chromosome 2H, but not in a common wheat line carrying the long arm of 2H (2HL) (Nomura et al, 1999). In the present study, to reveal the reason for the occurrence of hordatines in the 2H addition line, we investigated the chromosomal locations of the ACT and Prx7 genes of barley, and further investigated the barley chromosome addition lines in terms of the transcript levels of the ACT and Prx7 genes and also in terms of the amounts of hordatines and precursor agmatine conjugates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley

et al. 2007

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Hordatines A and B, the strong antifungal compounds in barley (Hordeum vulgare), are biosynthesized from p-coumaroyl-and feruloyl-CoA and agmatine by two successive reactions catalyzed by agmatine coumaroyltransferase (ACT) and peroxidase. ACT catalyzes the formation of agmatine conjugates (p-coumaroylagmatine and feruloylagmatine) from precursor CoAs and agmatine, and peroxidase catalyzes the oxidative coupling of agmatine conjugates to form hordatines. Our previous study demonstrated that the short arm of barley chromosome 2H (2HS) is responsible for the biosynthesis of hordatines. In the present study, however, barley genes encoding the ACT (HvACT) and a peroxidase (HvPrx7) were found to be located on the long arm of 2H (2HL). The amounts of hordatines and precursor agmatine conjugates were analyzed in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wheat lines carrying a whole 2H chromosome, 2HS or 2HL. The addition of 2H and 2HL elevated the levels of agmatine conjugates in wheat. This could be attributed to the HvACT on 2HL. However, the content of agmatine conjugates increased also in the 2HS addition line, suggesting the presence of another unidentified ACT gene on 2HS. Hordatines were detected in wheat, but their content was by far lower than those in barley. The 2H and 2HS addition lines accumulated substantial amounts of hordatines, while the 2HL addition line accumulated them as little as wheat did in spite of the substantial transcription of the HvPrx7 gene on 2HL and of the increased accumulation of the precursor agmatine conjugates. These facts suggest that the HvPrx7 gene on 2HL is not involved in the hordatine biosynthesis and that unidentified peroxidase gene responsible for the hordatine biosynthesis is located on 2HS in barley.

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Section: Quantitative Analyses Of Hordatines and Precursor Agmatine Csupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley

et al. 2007

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“…In this study we focused on chromosome 2H, which contains genes controlling a variety of traits of agronomic and commercial importance, such as cleistogamy (Turuspekov et al, 2004), reproductive frost tolerance (Reinheimer et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005), photoperiod response (Laurie et al, 1994), head architecture (Pourkheirandish et al, 2007), and the production of hordatines A and B, strong antifungal components in shoots of barley seedlings (Nomura et al, 1999(Nomura et al, , 2007. In the cytological map reported herein, the 2H chromosome was dissected into 34 regions and became the most finely dissected chromosome among the barley chromosomes so far dissected by the Gc system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissection and cytological mapping of barley chromosome 2H in the genetic background of common wheat

2011

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We used gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes 2C and 3CSAT to dissect barley 2H added to common wheat. The Gc chromosome induces chromosomal breakage resulting in chromosomal aberrations in the progeny of the 2H addition line of common wheat carrying the monosomic Gc chromosome. We conducted in situ hybridization to select plants carrying structurally rearranged aberrant 2H chromosomes and characterized them by sequential C-banding and in situ hybridization. We established 66 dissection lines of common wheat carrying single aberrant 2H chromosomes. The aberrant 2H chromosomes were of either deletion or translocation or complicated structural change. Their breakpoints were distributed in the short arm (2HS), centromere (2HC) and the long arm (2HL) at a rough 2HS/ 2HC/2HL ratio of 2:1:2. We conducted PCR analysis of the 66 dissection lines using 115 EST markers specific to chromosome 2H. Based on the PCR result, we constructed a physical or cytological map of chromosome 2H that were divided into 34 regions separated by the breakpoints of the aberrant 2H chromosomes. Fortyseven markers were present in 2HS and 68 in 2HL. We compared the 2H cytological map with a previously reported 2H genetic map using 44 markers that were used in common to construct both maps. The order of markers in the distal region was the same on both maps but that in the proximal region was somewhat contradictory between the two maps. We found that the markers distributed rather evenly in the genetic map were actually concentrated in the distal regions of both arms as revealed by the cytological map. We also recognized an ESTmarker or gene-rich region in the 2HL interstitial region slightly to the telomere.

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Combined mass spectrometric and chromatographic methods for in-depth analysis of phenolic secondary metabolites in barley leaves

et al. 2015

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Structural analysis via HPLC-ESI-MSn, UPLC-HESI-MS/MS and NMR reported 152 phenolic secondary metabolites in spring barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L.). Flavonoids with various patterns of glycosylation and acylation, as well as hydroxycinnamic acid glycosides, esters and amides, were identified in methanolic extracts from leaves of nine varieties of barley originating from different regions of the world. Hordatines derivatives, flavones acylated directly on the aglycone, and hydroxyferulic acid derivatives deserve special attention. Preparative chromatography enabled characterization of a number of compounds at trace levels with the 6-C-[6″-O-glycosyl]-glycosides and the 6-C-[2″,6″-di-O-glycosides]-glucoside structure of flavones. Derivatives of flavonols, quercetin and isorhamnetin were observed only in Syrian varieties. The ultra performance liquid chromatography profiles of UV-absorbing secondary metabolites were used for chemotaxonomic comparison between nine varieties of barley from different climatic conditions. The hierarchical clustering of bred lines from the Fertile Crescent and European and American varieties indicates a great diversity of chemical phenotypes within barley species.

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Occurrence of hordatines, the barley antifungal colnpounds, in a wheat-barley chromosome addition line.

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley

Chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley

Dissection and cytological mapping of barley chromosome 2H in the genetic background of common wheat

Combined mass spectrometric and chromatographic methods for in-depth analysis of phenolic secondary metabolites in barley leaves

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