Occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and their dietary intake through beer consumption by the European population

Rodríguez-Carrasco, Yelko; Fattore, Margherita; Albrizio, Stefania; Berrada, Houda; Mañes, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.092

Cited by 84 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To date, there is no regulation for Fusarium mycotoxin levels in beer, but maximum levels have been fixed for some mycotoxins in raw materials that are used for the production of this commodity [10]. However, a recent study assessing the exposure of the European population to mycotoxins through beer consumption showed that, even if no toxicological concern was associated to mycotoxin exposure for average beer consumers, the contribution of this commodity to the daily intake is not negligible for heavy beer-drinkers [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Fusarium Head Blight Complex of Malting Barley in a Three-Year Field Experiment in Italy

Beccari

Tini

Bonciarelli

et al. 2017

Toxins

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In this study, conducted for three years on eleven malting barley varieties cultivated in central Italy, the incidence of different mycotoxigenic fungal genera, the identification of the Fusarium species associated with the Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) complex, and kernels contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 mycotoxins were determined. The influence of climatic conditions on Fusarium infections and FHB complex composition was also investigated. Fusarium species were always present in the three years and the high average and maximum temperatures during anthesis mainly favored their occurrence. The FHB complex was subject to changes during the three years and the main causal agents were F. poae, F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum and F. graminearum, which, even if constantly present, never represented the principal FHB agent. The relative incidence of Fusarium species changed because of climatic conditions occurring during the seasons. The FHB complex was composed of many different Fusarium species and some of them were associated with a specific variety and/or with specific weather parameters, indicating that the interaction between a certain plant genotype and climatic conditions may influence the presence of Fusarium spp. causing infections. With regard to mycotoxin contamination, T-2 toxin, in some cases, was found in kernels at levels that exceeded EU recommended values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Fusarium Head Blight Complex of Malting Barley in a Three-Year Field Experiment in Italy

Beccari

Tini

Bonciarelli

et al. 2017

Toxins

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“…The fermentation process of ogi is usually initiated by chance inoculation under uncontrolled environmental conditions thereby resulting in variable quality of the final product. Studies have reported the prevalence of Fusarium mycotoxins, particularly TH, ZEN, and FB, in cereal crops and cereal-based products globally [5,6,7,8]. In most cases, these mycotoxins may co-exist in food and food products which often results to a synergistic, additive or antagonistic toxic effect on the host [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Cereal Crops and Processed Products (Ogi) from Nigeria

Chilaka

Boevre

Atanda

et al. 2016

Toxins

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In Nigeria, maize, sorghum, and millet are very important cash crops. They are consumed on a daily basis in different processed forms in diverse cultural backgrounds. These crops are prone to fungi infestation, and subsequently may be contaminated with mycotoxins. A total of 363 samples comprising of maize (136), sorghum (110), millet (87), and ogi (30) were collected from randomly selected markets in four agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. Samples were assessed for Fusarium mycotoxins contamination using a multi-mycotoxin liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Subsequently, some selected samples were analysed for the occurrence of hidden fumonisins. Overall, 64% of the samples were contaminated with at least one toxin, at the rate of 77%, 44%, 59%, and 97% for maize, sorghum, millet, and ogi, respectively. Fumonisins were the most dominant, especially in maize and ogi, occurring at the rate of 65% and 93% with mean values of 935 and 1128 μg/kg, respectively. The prevalence of diacetoxyscirpenol was observed in maize (13%), sorghum (18%), and millet (29%), irrespective of the agro-ecological zone. Other mycotoxins detected were deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and their metabolites, nivalenol, fusarenon-X, HT-2 toxin, and hidden fumonisins. About 43% of the samples were contaminated with more than one toxin. This study suggests that consumption of cereals and cereal-based products, ogi particularly by infants may be a source of exposure to Fusarium mycotoxins.

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“…Deoxynivalenol (DON or “vomitoxin”) (Fig. ) is a type B trichothecene mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species, pathogens commonly found in cereals and other crops . DON is very stable during storage and milling of cereals and moreover this toxin resists the processing or cooking of foods because DON does not break down at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Rapid and Easy Detection of Deoxynivalenol on a Bismuth Oxide Screen‐printed Electrode

et al. 2016

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In this work we propose a rapid method for deoxynivalenol (DON) detection based on the differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) response of this mycotoxin on a bismuth oxide modified screen‐printed electrode (SPE). In alkaline media the reduction peak of Bi2O3 is modified and an additional peak at a more negative potential is observed due to the DON presence in solution. The experimental conditions and DPV instrumental parameters have been optimized in order to get adequate responses for DON analysis on the BiOx‐SPE devices. The best results are obtained in 0.10 mol L−1 KOH using a 60 mV s−1 scan rate and 40 mV pulse amplitude. The ratio of the DON peak current to the Bi(III) reduction peak current is used for quantification purposes of this mycotoxin. Two linear response ranges (r values >0.99) with a sensitivity of 0.0019 L μg−1 (5.5×105 L mol−1) in the lower concentration range have been obtained at these measurement conditions. The reproducibility of the method is adequate, with RSD values lower than 10 % using different SPE devices for each measurement. The LOD and LOQ values (7.1 μg L−1, 2.4×10−8 mol L−1 and 24 μg L−1, 8.1×10−8 mol L−1 respectively) permit to determine DON with adequate precision and accuracy at low concentration levels. These good analytical features and the disposable and economical devices and the portable and simple instrumentation used for the measurements could make possible the implementation of this methodology for the in‐situ determination of DON.

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Occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and their dietary intake through beer consumption by the European population

Cited by 84 publications

References 29 publications

Changes in the Fusarium Head Blight Complex of Malting Barley in a Three-Year Field Experiment in Italy

Changes in the Fusarium Head Blight Complex of Malting Barley in a Three-Year Field Experiment in Italy

Occurrence of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Cereal Crops and Processed Products (Ogi) from Nigeria

Rapid and Easy Detection of Deoxynivalenol on a Bismuth Oxide Screen‐printed Electrode

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