Occurrence of enterovirus RNA in serum of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and islet cell autoantibody-positive subjects in a population with a low incidence of type 1 diabetes

Sarmiento, Luis; Cabrera-Rode, Eduardo; Lekuleni, Lister; Cuba, Ileana; Molina, Gisela; Fonseca, Magilé; Heng-Hung, Lai; Borroto, Abel Díaz; González, Pedro; Mas-Lago, Pedro; Diaz-Horta, Oscar

doi:10.1080/08916930701523429

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Strikingly, the sole HEV serotype with NtAbs at higher frequency in cases vs. controls was echovirus 4, i.e., the same serotype that caused the huge epidemic of aseptic meningitis during the year 1987. More recently, HEV RNA was searched for in blood of T1D children at the time of diagnosis, in their first degree relatives with or without ICA and in matched non diabetic controls (Sarmiento et al, 2007a). As shown in table 5, subjects at diagnosis and subjects with ICA showed higher frequencies of HEV RNA than their matched controls.…”

Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These and other results (Andreoletti et al, 1997;Clements et al, 1995;Craig et al, 2003;Moya-Suri et al, 2005;Nairn et al, 1999;Yin et al, 2002) Table 5. Frequency of enterovirus RNA in blood of subjects with T1D at clinical onset, their first degree relatives and controls matched for age, sex, date of collection and location (Sarmiento et al, 2007a). 1. p values were generated by the Fisher's exact test.…”

Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding suggests that an asymptomatic/low level infection takes place in children during the initial stages of the disease. In this regard, it should be pointed out that the amount of HEV genomes in serum/plasma and blood cells is extremely low and can only be evidence with highly sensitive methods (Sarmiento et al, 2007a;Schulte et al, 2010a). These findings indicate that small amounts of HEVs may derive from infected cells, e.g., cells of the islets of Langerhans islets or cell-debris (Schulte et al, 2010a;Schulte et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echovirus Epidemics, Autoimmunity, and Type 1 Diabetes

Diaz-Horta¹,

Sarmiento²,

Baj³

et al. 2011

Type 1 Diabetes - Pathogenesis, Genetics and Immunotherapy

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Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Hevs At T1d Onset and In Prediabetic Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Echovirus Epidemics, Autoimmunity, and Type 1 Diabetes

Diaz-Horta¹,

Sarmiento²,

Baj³

et al. 2011

Type 1 Diabetes - Pathogenesis, Genetics and Immunotherapy

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“…Much of the evidence is circumstantial [1] but includes observations that antibodies against common Coxsackie B enteroviruses (CVB) and enteroviral RNA occur more frequently in the circulation of recent-onset type 1 diabetes patients than in controls [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of enteroviral capsid protein vp1 immunostaining in pancreatic islets in human type 1 diabetes

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis Evidence that the beta cells of human patients with type 1 diabetes can be infected with enterovirus is accumulating, but it remains unclear whether such infections occur at high frequency and are important in the disease process. We have now assessed the prevalence of enteroviral capsid protein vp1 (vp1) staining in a large cohort of autopsy pancreases of recent-onset type 1 diabetic patients and a range of controls. Methods Serial sections of paraffin-embedded pancreatic autopsy samples from 72 recent-onset type 1 diabetes patients and up to 161 controls were immunostained for insulin, glucagon, vp1, double-stranded RNA activated protein kinase R (PKR) and MHC class I. Results vp1-immunopositive cells were detected in multiple islets of 44 out of 72 young recent-onset type 1 diabetic patients, compared with a total of only three islets in three out of 50 neonatal and paediatric normal controls. vp1 staining was restricted to insulin-containing beta cells. Among the control pancreases, vp1 immunopositivity was also observed in some islets from ten out of 25 type 2 diabetic patients. A strong correlation was established between islet cell vp1 positivity and PKR production in insulin-containing islets of both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients, consistent with a persistent viral infection of the islets. Conclusions/interpretation Immunoreactive vp1 is commonly found in the islets of recent-onset type 1 diabetes patients, but only rarely in normal paediatric controls. vp1 immunostaining was also observed in some islets of type 2 diabetes patients, suggesting that the phenomenon is not restricted to type 1 diabetes patients.

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“…A recent, large meta-analysis of observational molecular studies re-affirmed the association between human EV infection and type 1 diabetes [10]. Most of the molecular studies came from Western countries [10], Cuba [29], Australia [30], Egypt [31] and/or Japan [32]; none explained the rising tendency of the association between EV infection and type 1 diabetes in people of Han Chinese ethnicity [10]. In Finland, a prospective birth cohort study has suggested that Coxsackievirus B1 triggers the induction of β-cell autoimmunity that, in turn, heralds type 1 diabetes [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus infection is associated with an increased risk of childhood type 1 diabetes in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based cohort study

et al. 2014

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Aims/hypothesis This study compared the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children diagnosed with enterovirus (EV) infections with that in age-and sex-matched children without EV infection in a population-based cohort. In addition, we examined whether the direction or magnitude of the association between EV infection and type 1 diabetes differs according to atopic disease status in children.Methods We used insurance claims data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to derive type 1 diabetes incidence in children aged up to 18 years with or without a diagnosis of EV infection during 2000-2008. Incidence rate ratios and HRs of type 1 diabetes for EV infection were estimated by Poisson regression and Cox's proportional hazard regression model. Results Overall incidence of type 1 diabetes was higher in the EV than in the non-EV infection cohort (5.73 vs 3.89 per 100,000 person-years; incidence rate ratio 1.48 [95% CI 1.19, 1.83]), with an adjusted HR of 1.48 (95% CI 1.19, 1.83). Among children without EV, incidence increased with age at diagnosis of EV infection, except in those aged 5-10 years. The HRs of type 1 diabetes in children with allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma or either one of these atopic diseases showed more variation than in those children without these diseases. Conclusions/interpretation This nationwide retrospective cohort study found a positive correlation between type 1 diabetes and EV infection. The results suggest that a preventive strategy, such as an effective vaccine against EV infection, may lessen the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Taiwan.

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Occurrence of enterovirus RNA in serum of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and islet cell autoantibody-positive subjects in a population with a low incidence of type 1 diabetes

Abstract: Despite there is a high circulation of enteroviruses and a low type 1 diabetes incidence in the Cuban population, the presence of enteroviral RNA is associated with type 1 diabetes and beta-cell autoimmunity and is similar to European countries in which this scenario is reversed.

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Echovirus Epidemics, Autoimmunity, and Type 1 Diabetes

Echovirus Epidemics, Autoimmunity, and Type 1 Diabetes

The prevalence of enteroviral capsid protein vp1 immunostaining in pancreatic islets in human type 1 diabetes

Enterovirus infection is associated with an increased risk of childhood type 1 diabetes in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based cohort study

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