Occurrence of enteric pathogens in composted domestic solid waste containing disposable diapers

Gerba, Charles P.; Huber, Mary S.; Naranjo, Jaime; Rose, Joan B.; Bradford, Susan Carol

doi:10.1016/s0734-242x(95)90081-0

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…3. OFMSW (12 720 kg) was mixed with shredded diapers (555 kg) to obtain 3% weight percentage of diapers in the OFMSW, which is considered representative of the Spanish use of diapers and the generation of the Gerba et al 1995 To study the presence of enteric pathogenic viruses and protozoan parasites in municipal waste…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibilities of composting disposable diapers with municipal solid wastes

et al. 2010

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The possibilities for the management of disposable diapers in municipal solid wastes have been studied. An in-depth revision of literature about generation, composition and current treatment options for disposable diapers showed that the situation for these wastes is not clearly defined in developed recycling societies. As a promising technology, composting of diapers with source separated organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) was studied at full scale to understand the process performance and the characteristics of the compost obtained when compared to that of composting OFMSW without diapers. The experiments demonstrated that the composting process presented similar trends in terms of evolution of routine parameters (temperature, oxygen content, moisture and organic matter content) and biological activity (measured as respiration index). In relation to the quality of both composts, it can be concluded that both materials were identical in terms of stability, maturity and phytotoxicity and showed no presence of pathogenic microorganisms. However, compost coming from OFMSW with a 3% of disposable diapers presented a slightly higher level of zinc, which can prevent the use of high amounts of diapers mixed with OFMSW.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibilities of composting disposable diapers with municipal solid wastes

et al. 2010

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“…Microbial contamination is mainly of faecal origin, especially for SS or MSW. For example, 1-4% of the dry weight of MSW consists of soiled disposable diapers (Pahren and Clark 1987 ;Gerba et al 1995). As most of the contaminating micro-organisms are heat-sensitive, they disappear during composting, leading to a faecal pathogen-free end product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial disinfection capacity of municipal solid waste (MSW) composting

Déportes¹,

Benoit-Guyod²,

Zmirou

et al. 1998

J Appl Microbiol

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The disinfection capacity of a municipal solid waste (MSW) composting plant (Siloda) has been evaluated. In spring and summer, MSW was followed during the composting process from raw material to mature compost and long-term storage (1 year). Ascaris eggs, Salmonella, Shigella, total streptococci, faecal streptococci, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli were studied. Disinfection was successful in terms of a decrease in faecal contamination indicators and disappearance of faecal pathogens. Faecal coliform concentration in raw waste reached 2.1 x 10(8) cfu g-1 dry weight in spring (CI 95%:5.2 x 10(7)-3.4 x 10(8)) and 7.2 x 10(8) cfu g-1 dry weight (1 x 10(8)-1.7 x 10(9)) in summer, and fell to less than 100 cfu g-1 dry weight within 20 d. Faecal streptococci concentrations reached 8.7 x 10(8) cfu g-1 dry weight (3.7 x 10(8)-1.3 x 10(9)) in spring and 2.0 x 10(9)cfu g-1 dry weight (5.6 x 10(8)-3.4 x 10(9)) in summer, and fell to 8.7 x 10(4) cfu g-1 dry weight (6.9 x 10(4)-1.0 x 10(5)). No seasonal pattern of contamination, mainly of animal origin, was observed. Microbiological quality of finished compost depends on the storage conditions. Therefore, the storage stage should be viewed as part of the composting process. Monitoring disinfection capacity of MSW composting needs to combine several microbial populations.

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“…Regarding sanitation, this has been highly effective and none of the pathogenic microorganisms used as indicators have been detected in significant amounts. It is evident that the temperature reached and the natural decay of pathogens has a positive effect on sanitation and no problems due to addition of diapers have been observed (Gerba et al, 1995).…”

Section: Full-scale Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance of compostable baby used diapers in the composting process with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

et al. 2013

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In modern societies, disposable diapers constitute a significant percentage of municipal solid wastes. They have been traditionally landfilled or incinerated as only limited recycling processes are being implemented in some parts of Europe. With the implementation of separated collection systems for the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSWs) and the need to preserve the environment, compostable diapers have appeared in the market to avoid the main environmental impacts associated to non-biodegradable disposable diapers. In this study, a full-scale composting of door-to-door collected OFMSW with a 3% (w/w) of compostable diapers has also been carried out. Previously, lab-scale experiments confirmed that almost 50% of carbon of compostable diapers is emitted as CO2 under aerobic controlled conditions. The results obtained at full-scale demonstrate that both the composting process and the final end product (compost) are not altered by the presence of compostable diapers in crucial aspects such as pathogenic content, stability and elemental composition (including nutrients and heavy metals). The main conclusion of this study is that the collection of the OFMSW with compostable diapers can be a new way to transform this waste into high-quality compost.

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Occurrence of enteric pathogens in composted domestic solid waste containing disposable diapers

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Possibilities of composting disposable diapers with municipal solid wastes

Possibilities of composting disposable diapers with municipal solid wastes

Microbial disinfection capacity of municipal solid waste (MSW) composting

Performance of compostable baby used diapers in the composting process with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

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