Occurrence of congenital abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract in 13,775 autopsies

Barakat, Amin J.; Drougas, James G.

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(91)80150-6

Cited by 81 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The prenatal diagnoses and respective postnatal findings of these patients are presented in Table 1 Discussion Congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract occur in 3.3%-11.1% of autopsies [3][4][5][6][7] and account for about 50% of ultrasonographically diagnosed congenital malformations [1]. These abnormalities may lead to obstruction (which may interfere with renal development and function), infection, and renal failure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities

et al. 1991

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To investigate the ability of ultrasonography to detect urinary tract abnormalities prenatally, we reviewed the records of 26 pregnancies diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound to have urinary tract anomalies. We compared the prenatal diagnoses with postnatal renal and urinary tract pathology. This comparison showed different degrees of agreement for different prenatal diagnoses (2 individuals had more than one diagnosis): 4 of 8 for multicystic kideys, 1 of 1 for polycystic kidney disease, 1 of 2 for renal agenesis, 6 of 7 for ureteropelvic junction obstruction, 1 of 3 for posterior urethral valves, 4 of 5 for no pathology noted, and 2 of 2 for other abnormalities. Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal findings were in agreement in 68% of cases. Varying levels of diagnostic reliability should be considered when managing pregnancies complicated by fetal urinary tract abnormalities and subsequent postnatal evaluation and diagnosis. Further efforts are needed to improve on the techniques and reliability of prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities

et al. 1991

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“…Simple renal ectopia is seen in 1:3000 and bilateral in 10% of cases [24] . The location, in order of frequency, may be pelvic, iliac, abdominal or chest.…”

Section: Ectopic Kidneysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-modality imaging review of congenital abnormalities of kidney and upper urinary tract

Ramanathan¹,

Kumar²,

Khanna³

et al. 2016

WJR

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Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) include a wide range of abnormalities ranging from asymptomatic ectopic kidneys to life threatening renal agenesis (bilateral). Many of them are detected in the antenatal or immediate postnatal with a significant proportion identified in the adult population with varying degree of severity. CAKUT can be classified on embryological basis in to abnormalities in the renal parenchymal development, aberrant embryonic migration and abnormalities of the collecting system. Renal parenchymal abnormalities include multi cystic dysplastic kidneys, renal hypoplasia, number (agenesis or supernumerary), shape and cystic renal diseases. Aberrant embryonic migration encompasses abnormal location and fusion anomalies. Collecting system abnormalities include duplex kidneys and Pelvi ureteric junction obstruction. Ultrasonography (US) is typically the first imaging performed as it is easily available, noninvasive and radiation free used both antenatally and postnatally. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to confirm the ultrasound detected abnormality, detection of complex malformations, demonstration of collecting system and vascular anatomy and more importantly for early detection of complications like renal calculi, infection and malignancies. As CAKUT are one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease, it is important for the radiologists to be familiar with the varying imaging appearances of CAKUT on US, CT and MRI, thereby helping in prompt diagnosis and optimal management.

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“…1 Unilateral renal agenesis is a relatively common developmental defect in both male and female children that occurs in 1:500-1:1000 births. [1][2][3] It is frequently associated with defects in reproductive organs. [4][5][6] In most cases, children born with one kidney appear to have no overt clinical symptoms and develop normally.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephron Deficiency and Predisposition to Renal Injury in a Novel One-Kidney Genetic Model

Wang¹,

Johnson²,

White³

et al. 2015

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Some studies have reported up to 40% of patients born with a single kidney develop hypertension, proteinuria, and in some cases renal failure. The increased susceptibility to renal injury may be due, in part, to reduced nephron numbers. Notably, children who undergo nephrectomy or adults who serve as kidney donors exhibit little difference in renal function compared with persons who have two kidneys. However, the difference in risk between being born with a single kidney versus being born with two kidneys and then undergoing nephrectomy are unclear. Animal models used previously to investigate this question are not ideal because they require invasive methods to model congenital solitary kidney. In this study, we describe a new genetic animal model, the heterogeneous stock-derived model of unilateral renal agenesis (HSRA) rat, which demonstrates 50%-75% spontaneous incidence of a single kidney. The HSRA model is characterized by reduced nephron number (more than would be expected by loss of one kidney), early kidney/glomerular hypertrophy, and progressive renal injury, which culminates in reduced renal function. Long-term studies of temporal relationships among BP, renal hemodynamics, and renal function demonstrate that spontaneous single-kidney HSRA rats are more likely than uninephrectomized normal littermates to exhibit renal impairment because of the combination of reduced nephron numbers and prolonged exposure to renal compensatory mechanisms (i.e., hyperfiltration). Future studies with this novel animal model may provide additional insight into the genetic contributions to kidney development and agenesis and the factors influencing susceptibility to renal injury in individuals with congenital solitary kidney.

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Occurrence of congenital abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract in 13,775 autopsies

Cited by 81 publications

References 22 publications

Reliability of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities

Reliability of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities

Multi-modality imaging review of congenital abnormalities of kidney and upper urinary tract

Nephron Deficiency and Predisposition to Renal Injury in a Novel One-Kidney Genetic Model

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