Occurrence of common phyllosphere fungi of horse-chestnut (<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i>) is unrelated to degree of damage by leafminer (<i>Cameraria ohridella</i>)

Menkis, Audrius; Povilaitienė, Aistė; Marčiulynas, Adas; Lynikienė, Jūratė; Gedminas, Artūras; Marčiulynienė, Diana

doi:10.1080/02827581.2018.1541191

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The present results suggest that the first stage of the defense mechanism involved rapid synthesis of phenolic compounds with elevated levels of DPPH (from the third collection period). The effort to reduce infection was ineffective, as demonstrated in our studies and the literature [ 35 ]. We assumed that the non-symptomatic horse chestnut trees exhibited higher contents of phenolic compounds that may have a harmful effect on the pest population and do not contain nutritional compounds for the pests [ 7 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Phenolic-Based Discrimination between Non-Symptomatic and Symptomatic Leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum Infested by Cameraria ohridella and Erysiphe flexuosa

Hanaka,

Dresler,

Mułenko

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The herbivore Cameraria ohridella (kingdom Animalia) and the pathogen Erysiphe flexuosa (kingdom Fungi) are considered pests and biotic stressors of Aesculus hippocastanum (chestnut trees). The impact of both pests on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in chestnut leaves was investigated. Specifically, the interactive effect of both pests on metabolite accumulation and their potential role in enhancing the resistance of chestnut trees to biological stress was the focus of this study. Aesculus hippocastanum leaves with varying degrees of Cameraria ohridella infestation and Erysiphe flexuosa infection were used in this research. Leaf samples were collected during the plant vegetative growth phase and evaluated for pest infection and secondary metabolite content. Eight main polyphenols were identified in the leaves: (1) neochlorogenic acid, (2) (−)-epicatechin, (3) procyanidin trimer A-type, (4) procyanidin tetramer A-type, (5) quercetin-3-O-arabinoside, (6) quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, (7) kaempferol-3-O-arabinoside, and (8) kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside. It was found that the accumulation of metabolites, primarily those derived from epicatechin and quercetin, during the initial vegetation phase (up to 11.05 or 09.05), strongly depended on the later degree of pest infection. The differences observed in the metabolite dynamics in the chestnut leaves, depending on the extent of infection, indicate the development of a metabolic response mechanism in chestnut trees to biological stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Phenolic-Based Discrimination between Non-Symptomatic and Symptomatic Leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum Infested by Cameraria ohridella and Erysiphe flexuosa

Hanaka,

Dresler,

Mułenko

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Similarly, Preussia sp., such as endophytic P. minima, P. africana, and P. sp., may be important for biocontrol of plant pathogens [ 71 ] and/or insect larvae [ 72 ], as these modify chemical substances in plant tissues [ 73 , 74 ]. These species remained bioactive even under dry conditions [ 75 ], such as those prevailing during summer in Montenegro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fungicolous Regulators of Biscogniauxia destructiva sp. nov. That Causes Beech Bark Tarcrust in Southern European (Fagus sylvatica) Forests

et al. 2020

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Mycoparasites are a collection of fungicolous eukaryotic organisms that occur on and are antagonistic to a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi. To date, this fungal group has largely been neglected by biodiversity studies. However, this fungal group is of interest, as it may contain potential biocontrol agents of pathogenic fungi that cause beech Tarcrust disease (BTC), which has contributed to the devastation of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests. Biscogniauxia nummularia has been demonstrated to cause BTC. However, a trophic association between mycoparasites and pathogenic Biscogniauxia spp., has not been established. This study aimed to taxonomically identify and characterize Biscogniauxia, a fungus causing destructive BTC disease in European beech at Lovćen national park, Montenegro and to uncover the diversity of mycopathogens that are natural regulators of xylariaceous Biscogniauxia stroma formation, associated with beech decline. This finding is supported by distinctive phylogenetic and evolutionary characteristics, as well as unique morphological-microscopic fungal features indicating that Biscogniauxia from Montenegro, which is a major cause of BTC occurring in ancient beech forests at the edge of southern Fagus sylvatica distribution, may be described as a novel fungus specific to Fagus. Its evolutionary nuSSU–complete ITS–partial nuLSU rDNA phylogeny indicates its likely emergence by asexual fusion or introgressive hybridization between diverged B. nummularia and B. anceps species. The name Biscogniauxia destructiva is proposed for the novel fungus, as it is aggressive and highly destructive BTC disease.

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“…Studies on forest regions of temperate zones suggest that epiphytic fungi belonging to Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes classes mainly colonize on foliar surfaces. These epiphytic fungi depend on host exudations, spores, pollens, organic aerosols, and honeydew released from sucking pests for their nutrition (Menkis et al, 2019). Besides, endophytic and pathogenic fungi also comprise a large portion of the foliar microbiome.…”

Section: The Role Of Above-ground Microbiome and Its Potential For Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for deploying microbes against tree-killing beetles (Coleoptera) in Anthropocene

Gupta,

Chakraborty,

Roy

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Forests form rich biodiversity hubs that act as large reservoirs of natural carbon. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of these complex habitats of forest floors provides ecological services of immense socio-economic importance. However, these socio-economic ecological hotspots are incessantly exposed to multifarious abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic disturbances, amongst which unpredictable forest pest (i.e., bark beetle) outbreak account for the loss of vegetation and microbiome of measurable quantum. The importance of the microbiome in forming an inseparable functional unit of every host and shaping its interaction with other partners has been well realized. Interestingly, forest pests, including bark beetles, are also reported to rely on their endosymbiotic microbial partners to manipulate tree defense machinery. In contrast, the microbiome forming the holobiont of trees also regulates the overall function and fitness of the host and significantly contributes to tackling these challenging situations. Nevertheless, how the holobiont of trees directly or indirectly influence beetle holobiont is still an enigma. The present review shall elaborate on the role of microbial tools in enhancing tree performance and fitness, which helps counter beetle damage. Besides, it shall also emphasize exploiting the role of microorganisms in acting as biocontrol agents in shielding the trees against beetle destruction. The application of endosymbiont-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in working with two-tier specificity for controlling beetle devastations shall be discussed as new-age technological advances. All explanations are expected to put forth the potential of the microbial toolbox in offering better and more sustainable beetle management strategies in the future.

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Occurrence of common phyllosphere fungi of horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) is unrelated to degree of damage by leafminer (Cameraria ohridella)

Abstract: Marčiulynienė (2019) Occurrence of common phyllosphere fungi of horse-chestnut (Aesculushippocastanum) is unrelated to degree of damage by leafminer (Camerariaohridella),

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Phenolic-Based Discrimination between Non-Symptomatic and Symptomatic Leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum Infested by Cameraria ohridella and Erysiphe flexuosa

Phenolic-Based Discrimination between Non-Symptomatic and Symptomatic Leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum Infested by Cameraria ohridella and Erysiphe flexuosa

Natural Fungicolous Regulators of Biscogniauxia destructiva sp. nov. That Causes Beech Bark Tarcrust in Southern European (Fagus sylvatica) Forests

Prospects for deploying microbes against tree-killing beetles (Coleoptera) in Anthropocene

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