Occurrence of clinical genotype Vibrio vulnificus in clam samples in Mangalore, Southwest coast of India

Sangeetha, M. S.; Shekar, Malathi; Venugopal, M. N.

doi:10.1007/s13197-017-2522-y

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Based on polymorphism in CPS operon and the vcg gene, it was confirmed that seafood isolates in the present study are of the clinical type. Environmental isolates possessing the C genotype have been previously reported from this region [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Pathogenic Potential of Vibrio vulnificus Isolated from Seafood Harvested along the Mangaluru Coast, India

et al. 2020

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It has been observed that not all strains of Vibrio vulnificus are virulent. Determining the virulence of strains that are frequently present in seafood is of significance for ensuring seafood safety. This study is an attempt to predict the virulence of seafood-borne V. vulnificus isolated along the Mangaluru Coast, India. The isolates tested possessed a vcgC gene sequence with high similarity to that in the clinical strain. Transcriptional analysis of core virulence genes in seafood isolate E4010 showed the phenomenon of contact-mediated expression of rtxA1 which correlated well with the actin disintegration and cytotoxicity. These results suggest that the seafood isolates tested in this study possess a functional RtxA1 which could help in initiating the infection. However, other putative virulence genes such as vvpE encoding an extracellular protease, vvhA encoding hemolysin, flp encoding tad pilin and ompU encoding fibronectin-binding protein were also constitutively expressed. Virulence-associated attributes such as cytotoxicity and adherence matched the response of the clinical strain (p > 0.05). On the other hand, the environmental strains showed higher serum sensitivity compared with the clinical strain. These findings show that the part of virulence attributes required for the disease process might be intact in these isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Pathogenic Potential of Vibrio vulnificus Isolated from Seafood Harvested along the Mangaluru Coast, India

et al. 2020

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“…Simultaneously, V. vulnificus causes large epidemics of mortality in many other species of fish and the infected fish shows severe hemorrhagic body lesions (Li et al, 2006). Prevalence studies of V vulnificus in India demonstrated its presence in the waters and wild caught fish and shellfish (Thampuran and Surendran, 1998;Parvathi et al, 2004;Sangeetha et al, 2017). However, pathological significance of V. vulnificus in fish cultured in Indian cage waters is not known till date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological investigations of Vibrio vulnificus infection in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) cultured at a floating cage farm of India

et al. 2019

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An outbreak of skin ulcers with morbidity and mortality rate of 80% and 20% respectively, among Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) sub-adults reared in a brackish water floating cage farm of Kochi, Kerala, India was reported. Bacterial isolation attempts from various internal organs (blood, kidney, liver, spleen and brain) of different diseased fish indicated a common bacterial etiology. Organisms were identified as Vibrio vulnificus based on conventional microbiological methods followed by molecular confirmation. Additionally, V. vulnificus marker specific for fish virulence was present in the isolates. Fish pathogenicity was confirmed by challenge tests. LD 50 was calculated as 2.1 × 10 5.13 CFU/fish and 2.1 × 10 6.12 CFU/mL in injection and immersion route respectively. pilF polymorphism-based PCR and vvhA gene sequence indicated potential danger for humans. The strain was positive for siderophore, hemolysin, capsule, polar and lateral flagella. The strain could multiply rapidly in healthy fish serum. All these results indicated that the isolate could act as a primary pathogen for tilapia fish. Interestingly, serum survival ratio of the pathogen was significantly larger at higher temperatures (p ≤ .05); which may explain the increase in infective capacity of V. vulnificus at higher temperature. Multiple antibiotic resistance index of the strain was ≤0.2. In conclusion, the paper provides detailed descriptions of clinical signs, microscopic and macroscopic lesions of a natural disease outbreak among tilapia raised in brackish water cage farms of India. The concurrent attempts to identify and characterize the etiology fetches the basis for future development of effective control and preventive measures against V. vulnificus, the most infectious and lethal of all zoonotic vibrios.

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“…He reported that up to 50% and 11% of the shellfish and crabs, respectively, were culture positive for Vibrio species during the months of summer. In India, studies have indicated presence of Vibrio vulnificus in the oysters and clams ranging from 16.6% to 56.6% 9–11. Though India has a long coastline and many people depend on fishing for their livelihood, not many cases of Vibrio vulnific us infection have been reported in the country probably due to lack of awareness among the clinicians and laboratory personnel, or proper cooking of seafood before consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal case of necrotising fasciitis due toVibrio vulnificusin a patient with alcoholic liver disease and diabetes mellitus

Bhat

Bhaskar

Sistla³

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

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Vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic Vibrio found globally. They are thought to be normal microbiome in the estuaries along the coasts associated with seawater and seashells. Infection usually results from consumption of raw oysters or shellfish or exposure of broken skin or open wounds to contaminated salt or brackish water. Clinical manifestations range from gastroenteritis to skin and subcutaneous infection and primary sepsis. Pathogen has the ability to cause infections with significant mortality in high-risk populations, including patients with chronic liver disease, immunodeficiency, diabetes mellitus and iron storage disorders. There is often a lack of clinical suspicion in cases due to Vibrio vulnificus leading to delay in treatment and subsequent mortality. Herein we report a case of necrotising fasciitis in a diabetic patient with alcoholic liver disease caused by Vibrio vulnificus which ended fatally.

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Occurrence of clinical genotype Vibrio vulnificus in clam samples in Mangalore, Southwest coast of India

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Exploring the Pathogenic Potential of Vibrio vulnificus Isolated from Seafood Harvested along the Mangaluru Coast, India

Exploring the Pathogenic Potential of Vibrio vulnificus Isolated from Seafood Harvested along the Mangaluru Coast, India

Pathological investigations of Vibrio vulnificus infection in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) cultured at a floating cage farm of India

Fatal case of necrotising fasciitis due toVibrio vulnificusin a patient with alcoholic liver disease and diabetes mellitus

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