Occurrence of chiral organochlorine compounds in the environmental matrices from King George Island and Ardley Island, west Antarctica

Abstract

Chiral organochlorine compounds (OCs) were measured in various environmental matrices (air, soil and vegetation) from west Antarctica using high resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). They were generally detected at a global background level compared with the previous studies. α-HCH and PCB-183 was observed in all the matrices except PCB-183 in two soil samples, while PCB-95, -136, -149, -174, -176 and o,p’-DDT were detected in most air but only a few solid matrices. Enantiomeric fractions (EFs) indicated that nonracemic residues of chiral OCs occurred in all the matrices and a wide variation of the EF values was observed in the vegetation. There was significant discrepancy between the EF values of PCB-183 and the racemic values, indicating that stereoselective depletion of PCB-183 was probably associated with the water-air exchange. The EFs values of α-HCH were generally lower than the racemic values but no statistical difference was obtained in all the matrices except lichen, supporting the assumption that water-air exchange may make influence on long-range transport of α-HCH.

Three-year monitoring of atmospheric PCBs and PBDEs at the Chinese Great Wall Station, West Antarctica: Levels, chiral signature, environmental behaviors and source implication

“…Although the EFs of PCB-174 (0.499 ± 0.094) and -176 (0.514 ± 0.064) were not significantly different from the racemic values (p > 0.05), the wide variation of EFs indicated a stereoselective depletion of these chiral PCBs in air. This was generally consistent with our previous observation (Wang et al, 2015). The relationship between the chiral PCB concentrations and their EFs (or the deviation from racemic (DFR) which was defined as jEF-0.5j) (Kania-Korwel and Lehmler, 2013) were also evaluated.…”

“…Thus, chiral characteristic could be an important tool for tracking the transport pathway and fate of POPs in the environment (Bidleman et al, 2012). The present work is one of the very few studies that reported the chiral signature of PCBs in Antarctic air (Wang et al, 2015). As shown in Fig.…”

“…The analytical procedure followed our previous methods with some minor modifications (Wang et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015). Briefly, the samples were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE, ASE 300, Dionex, USA).…”

Progress on the passive air sampling techniques and occurrence of persistent organic pollutants in remote areas

“…OCPs、PCBs和PBDEs上. HCB是南极大气中的OCPs 的主要成分, 其浓度范围在0.6~47 pg/m 3 之间 [84,87,96] , P a l m e r 站 附 近 大 气 中 检 出 的 七 氯 平 均 浓 度 为 5.64 pg/m 3 , 为浓度第二高的OCPs [96] , 而α-HCH和 DDTs浓度在ND~1.88 pg/m 3 和ND~1.63 pg/m 3 之 间 [71,84,85,87,96] , 比HCB要低1个数量级. 除了传统OCPs, .…”

The association between environmental exposures to chlordanes, adiposity and diabetes-related features: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Article selection. References were reviewed independently by two of three researchers (CR, ID and VM) according to the following exclusion criteria: (1) studies not written in English, Portuguese or Spanish, (2) studies not involving adult human subjects, (3) studies not presenting original data (review articles, editorials, reports, comments or guidelines), (4) case reports or case series, (5) studies addressing exposures other than chlordanes or outcomes other than adiposity or diabetes-related features and (6) studies not providing association estimates, (7) studies performed in individuals with a diagnosed disease (e.g., tumors) and (8) samples composed exclusively by individuals with high exposure to chlordanes (e.g., workers involved in mixing or applying pesticides), since these individuals have presumably been exposed to much higher doses of chlordanes than individuals from other study samples, and therefore, exposure levels may not present enough variability to reflect the real association. When more than one study referred to the same sample, we considered the one presenting data for the largest sample or, if the sample size was equal, we chose the one providing results in more detail.…”