Occurrence of cestodes and comparative efficacy of Typha angustata and sulphadimidine against cestodes in Columba livia domestica (Domestic Pigeon)

Abstract

The occurrence of intestinal parasites of Columba livia domestica has been on the increase, leading to high economic and production losses with more fatal cases. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of cestodes in pigeons and determine the efficacy of Typha angustata extract and sulphadimidine against these cestodes in the domestic pigeon. A total of 30 pigeons were examined. 18 (60%) pigeons were found infected with only one type of cestode species (Raillietina spp.). The difference in prevalence between males and females was statistically significant (χ 2 = 8.167, p = 0.004). The mean EPG count in group A (treated with T. angustata extract) before treatment and after treatment was 176 ± 4.33 and 155 ± 4.24, respectively. In group B (treated with sulphadimidine), the mean EPG calculated before treatment and after treatment was 184 ± 6.74 and 35 ± 3.53, respectively. The efficacy at day 28 of T. angustata and Sulphadimidine was 11.93% and 80.97%, respectively. It was concluded on the basis of the EPG and efficacy data that T. angustata extract had low efficacy against raillietiniasis, while as sulphadimidine, which is also used before to treat different intestinal parasites, had a good efficacy against raillietiniasis. Further studies are required to know the prevalence of other gastrointestinal parasites in pigeons and efficacy of different medicinal plants against such parasites.

Prevalence and diversity of intestinal parasites in household and temple pigeons (Columba livia) in central Nepal

“…Firstly, the prevalence of intestinal parasites in the pigeons was analysed in the current study. The prevalence rate (87.1%) was lower than the findings from previous studies among feral pigeons from Nepal and (60%, n = 30) (Yousafzai et al, 2021), Bangladesh (70.76%; n = 65) (Islam et al, 2017), Nepal (69.16%; n = 120) (Gurung, 2016), Turkey (59.6%; n = 136) (Sari et al, 2008) and Libya (56%; n = 100) (Alkharigy et al, 2018). The variation in these results might be attributed to the sampling techniques, the sampling size, the examination methods, the detected parasites and the ecology of sampling geographies.…”

“…Firstly, the prevalence of intestinal parasites in the pigeons was analysed in the current study. The prevalence rate (87.1%) was lower than the findings from previous studies among feral pigeons from Nepal (90.83%; n = 120) (Jha, 2017), Bangladesh (100%; n = 60) (Begum & Sehrin, 2013), Poland (100%; n = 90) (Balicka‐Ramisz et al., 2021) and India (91%; n = 78) (Parsani et al., 2014) and higher than the findings from Iran (79.2%; n = 250) (Bahrami et al., 2013), Brazil (74.14%; n = 58) (Tietz Marques et al., 2007), India (72.7%; n = 132) (Sivajothi & Sudhakara, 2015), Pakistan (73.33%; n = 210) (Baber et al., 2020) and (60%, n = 30) (Yousafzai et al., 2021), Bangladesh (70.76%; n = 65) (Islam et al., 2017), Nepal (69.16%; n = 120) (Gurung, 2016), Turkey (59.6%; n = 136) (Sari et al., 2008) and Libya (56%; n = 100) (Alkharigy et al., 2018). The variation in these results might be attributed to the sampling techniques, the sampling size, the examination methods, the detected parasites and the ecology of sampling geographies.…”

“…Intestinal infection, caused by various protozoans and helminths, represents one of the significant health concerns in pigeons around the globe (Abdullahi et al., 2019; Bahrami et al., 2013; Harlin & Wade, 2009; Yousafzai et al., 2021). For instance, high morbidity and mortality followed by coccidiosis (Balicka‐Ramisz & Pilarczyk, 2014; Balicka‐Ramisz et al., 2021; Hunt & O'Grady, 1976; Rodriguez et al., 1997), capillariasis (Muthusami & Gopinath, 2017; Parsani et al., 2014; Pees, 2008; Qamar et al., 2017; Rodriguez et al., 1997), ascariasis (Abdel Rahman et al., 2019; Parsani et al., 2014; Radfar et al., 2012) and echinostomiasis (Ledwoń et al., 2016) in the pigeons have been reported from different landscapes.…”