Occurrence of arsenic species in algae and freshwater plants of an extreme arid region in northern Chile, the Loa River Basin

Abstract

11This study reports data on arsenic speciation in two green algae species (Cladophora sp. and 12 Chara sp.) and in five aquatic plants (Azolla sp., Myriophyllum aquaticum, Phylloscirpus cf. 30-One sample (Cladophora sp.) presented hyperaccumulation of As (11,000 mg As kg -1

Diapause as escape strategy to exposure to toxicants: response of Brachionus calyciforus to arsenic

“…Although our study was focused on arsenic, at concentrations currently occurring in some natural ponds (Pell et al 2013), most likely these animals are not exposed to a single heavy metal, which may influence in the rotifer response to these toxicants (Jara and Aránguiz-Acuña 2013). Ríos-Arana et al (2005) showed contrasting effects on induction of heat shock protein HSP60 by the rotifer Plationus patulus when was exposed to arsenic alone and to arsenic mixed with other heavy metals.…”

“…The toxicant was incorporated into the treatments as As 2 O 3 because this is a compound commonly found in aerosols produced by copper smelters that is dispersed by air, contributing to the contamination of water bodies (Pell et al 2013). As 3?…”

“…The region including Southern Peru and Northern Chile is one of the driest places in the world. High evaporation in the region makes continental water highly saline, with elevated concentrations of heavy metals such as lead, copper, cadmium and zinc, and metalloids such as arsenic (Pell et al 2013). Additionally, mining operations are intense in the region, mainly focused on copper; these contribute to presence of the metals in the waters (Díaz-Palma et al 2012).…”

Effects of sample processing on arsenic speciation in marine macroalgae

“…HG-AFS Millenium Excallibur (PS Analytical, UK) was used for total arsenic measurement in seawater. The chromatographic system, consisting of an Agilent 1200 LC quaternary pump equipped with an autosampler, was connected to an anion-exchange and cation-exchange column and guard- 55 column and coupled to an Agilent 7500ce ICP-MS (Agilent, Germany) equipped with Ari Mist HP nebulizer (Burgener, Canada). The chromatographic program, instrumental operating conditions of LC-ICP-MS and the arsenicals that can be separated with each chromatographic system are given in Table 1.…”

“…The same extraction method (water extraction) was applied in all cases in order to assure that the differences in the results are only attributable to the pre-treatment. We selected 55 C. mediterranea Sauvageau (heterokonphyta, fucales) because of its abundance, availability, environmental interest and arsenic content; specifically, we worked with the alga branches because they are deciduous structures that can completely regenerate from the stipe. As kg −1 , was used for quality control purposes in total arsenic determinations.…”