Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milks of Five Animal Species in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 in yogurt of five countries in west Asia region: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…It seems that increased moisture in areas near the sea plays a pivotal role in the growth of AFs‐producing fungi in animal feed. According to our previous study, the concentration and the occurrence of AFM1 in milk samples from the Iranian coastal region of the Caspian Sea were higher than those of other parts of Iran (Ghaffarian Bahraman et al, 2019). In Lebanon with its long Mediterranean beach and in Turkey that is bordered by the Black Sea, the Marmara Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, the ambient humidity is higher than that in Iran and Pakistan (Sensoy, Demircan, Ulupinar, & Balta, 2008).…”

“…According to our findings based on Iranian yogurt samples, the mean concentration of AFM1, the occurrence of AFM1, and the percentage of samples with AFM1 levels exceeding the EU‐standards were 28.19 ng/kg, 76.67%, and 8.28%, respectively. Meanwhile, in our previous meta‐analysis on Iranian milk samples, the values for the same variables mentioned above were 37.55 ng/L, 82%, and 29%, respectively (Ghaffarian Bahraman et al, 2019). Also, some Iranian studies indicated that AFM1 contamination in yogurt samples was significantly lower than that in milk and cheese samples (Bahrami et al, 2016a; Fallah, 2010).…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first meta‐analysis evaluating the occurrence of AFM1 status in yogurt samples in West Asian countries. The results of previous studies indicate that milk contamination with AFM1 in the Middle East countries is alarmingly high (Ghaffarian Bahraman et al, 2019; Rahmani et al, 2018). According to the findings of the present meta‐analysis, the majority of West Asian countries did not assess AFM1 contamination in yogurt samples.…”

“…Recently, some systematic reviews and meta‐analysis studies have been conducted regarding the AFM1 contamination in milk samples in the Middle East (Abyaneh, Bahonar, Noori, & AliAbadi, 2019; Ghaffarian Bahraman et al, 2019; Pour et al, 2019; Rahmani et al, 2018). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first meta‐analysis evaluating the occurrence of AFM1 status in yogurt samples in West Asian countries.…”

“…Low concentration of AFs in foods highlights the need for specific, sensitive, and simple methods for toxin quantification to ensure food safety. The most common methods developed for AFM1 determination in milk and dairy products are chromatography and ELISA (Ghaffarian Bahraman et al, 2019; Iqbal et al, 2015). Although chromatographic methods are more sensitive to detection and quantification of AFM1 in food items, the use of toxic solvents, time‐consuming procedures, and the need for skilled operators have diminished their popularity in comparison to ELISA (Iqbal et al, 2015).…”