Occurrence, consumption level, fate and ecotoxicology risk of beta-agonist pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant in Eastern China

Zhang, Hui; Ke-fang, LI; Zhao, Xueyan; Zou, Huiyun; Zhao, Ling; Li, Xuewen

doi:10.1007/s10661-023-11099-8

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Two significant factors affect the transfer of β-agonists from animal wastes to human food: (1) the stability of these compounds in the environment, including whether they are easily degraded by microorganisms, ultraviolet rays, and heat; and (2) the absorptivity of these chemicals by plants or other types of food, such as fungi-derived food. In most cases, the concentrations of β-agonists are significantly higher in spring than in summer [37]. Previous studies have explored the fate and transport of ractopamine hydrochloride in soil-water systems by fortification, and it has been shown that ractopamine rapidly dissipates from the liquid layer and sorbs to soil, which is the most common fate for ractopamine in soil-water systems [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of β‐agonists from animal feed into Tricholoma gambosum through manure

Han,

Zhan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Animal Research and One Health

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Fungi are dependent on animal manure as a cultivation medium and may be vulnerable to feed‐derived β‐agonist contamination. To test whether β‐agonists incorporated in animal feed can transport into fungi through manure, a greenhouse study was conducted with Tricholoma gambosum grown in a culture medium amended with medicated cattle manure. Cattle were orally administrated with a single (ractopamine, 670.0 μg/kg BW/day) or a mixture of β‐agonists (clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol at the doses of 5.3, 223.3, and 50.0 μg/kg BW/day, respectively) for 28 days. Three batches of T. gambosum were harvested. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry‐based method was developed to quantify the number of β‐agonists taken up by T. gambosum from animal manure. The analytical recoveries for β‐agonists were between 66.61% and 91.78% with relative standard deviations between 1.70% and 12.18%, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.3 ng/g. The ractopamine residues in T. gambosum from batch 1 were 1.3 ng/g and were below the LOQ in batches 2 and 3 in the single treatment group. In the mixed treatment group, ractopamine concentrations were 0.42 and 0.50 ng/g in batches 1 and 2, respectively, and the salbutamol concentration was 1.94 ng/g in batch 1, while clenbuterol was undetectable in all three batches. These results indicated that the β‐agonists transferred to T. gambosum in trace amounts and presented a limited risk to consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%