Occurrence and species level diagnostics of Campylobacter spp., enteric Helicobacter spp. and Anaerobiospirillum spp. in healthy and diarrheic dogs and cats

Delineation of two Helicobacter bilis genomospecies: implications for systematics and evolution

“…Coevolution between Helicobacter pylori and its human host is well described and a similar event could be hypothesized among other Helicobacter species and their hosts as well (Linz & Schuster, 2007). It is, however, evident that some species, like H. bilis, are able to colonize different hosts (Fox et al, 1998;Matsukura et al, 2002;Rossi et al, 2008) or different niches of the same host (Eaton et al, 1996;Fox et al, 1998;Matsukura et al, 2002), showing a high flexibility of adaptation to different environments. Adaptation, in association with high mutation and recombination rates, has recently been described for a host-jump from early humans to large felines resulting in Helicobacter acinonychis (Eppinger et al, 2006).…”

“…FL56, a collection of 42 Italian H. bilis isolates (Rossi et al, 2008) were screened by analysing the BtsI restriction patterns of a partial gyrB gene. BtsI produces a specific pattern for Helicobacter sp.…”

“…FL56 partial gyrB of about 360 and 200 bp, while no restrictions were predicted for any of the H. bilis sequences tested. The forward primer HBILISF and reverse primer HBILISR were used to amplify a 600 bp fragment, as described by Rossi et al (2008). Three microlitres PCR product were digested overnight at 37 u C in a total volume of 20 ml containing 20U BtsI (New England Biolabs).…”

“…The nearly complete 16S rRNA genes of five Italian strains were amplified, sequenced and analysed as described by Rossi et al (2008). In the neighbour-joining tree ( Fig.…”

“…The phenotypic data did not justify, however, the description of a novel species. Although extensive genetic divergence was observed, these two taxa were indistinguishable in terms of biochemical profile, ultrastructural morphology and whole-cell protein profile (Hannula & Hänninen, 2007;Rossi et al, 2008). Moreover, both taxa were isolated from a canine host and no differences in pathogenicity were observed (Rossi et al, 2008).…”