Occurrence and sources of zinc in fuels

Jones, Frida; Bankiewicz, Dorota; Hupa, Mikko

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.005

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Therefore, secondary aerosol combines contributions of different sources but presents specific formation process and characteristic species profile. Previous findings have showed higher concentrations of S and P in fossil fuels (oil, gasoline, and diesel) and minor concentrations of metals (Fe, Zn, Mn) (Jones et al, 2014;ACEA, 2018). The association of S and P with oil burning (Supplementary Table 1) and an empirical S vs. P correlation, linked to fuels, have been reported in São Paulo City (Brito et al, 2013;Marien, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Souto-Oliveira

Kamigauti

Andrade

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Urban air pollution is a matter of concern due to its health hazards and the continuous population growth exposed to it at different urban areas worldwide. Nowadays, more than 55% of the world population live in urban areas. One of the main challenges to guide pollution control policies is related to pollutant source assessment. In this line, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Positive Matrix Factorization (EPA-PMF) has been extensively employed worldwide as a reference model for quantification of source contributions. However, EPA-PMF presents issues associated to source identification and discrimination due to the collinearities among the source tracers. Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) have demonstrated good resolution for source discrimination, since urban sources are characterized by specific isotopic signatures. Source quantification based on total aerosol mass is the main limitation of MIF. This study reports strategies for PMF and MIF combination to improve source identification/discrimination and its quantification in urban areas. We have three main findings: (1) cross-validation of PMF source identification based on Pb and Zn isotopic fingerprints, (2) source apportionment in the MIF model for total PM mass, and (3) new insights into potential Zn isotopic signatures of biomass burning and secondary aerosol. We support future studies on the improvement of isotopic fingerprints database of sources based on diverse elements or compounds to boost advances of MIF model applications in atmospheric sciences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Souto-Oliveira

Kamigauti

Andrade

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The powdered raw coal samples were prepared by first crushing raw coals to less than 3 mm with a jaw crusher and then grinding in a ball mill until 70% of the residue could pass through a 100 mesh sieve, which is similar to the coal fineness used in utility boilers [18]. The light coal fraction samples were prepared in a rotating centrifuge using a 1.5 g¨cm´3 ZnCl 2 solution as a density separation medium [31]. For each separation, four plastic centrifuge tubes each containing 10 g of powdered coal and~60 mL of 1.5 g¨cm´3 ZnCl 2 solution were centrifuged at a rotor speed of 3000 rpm for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some light coal samples require preheating to change the zinc chloride hydrate into zinc oxide for reliable analysis; the diffraction peaks of zinc chloride hydrate in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis hinder identification of silicate minerals in light coal, but those from zinc oxide do not [31]. For the preheating treatment, the light coal samples were heated in a muffle furnace at 200˝C using 45 mmˆ22 mm porcelain boats (0.1-0.11 g light coal per boat) for 1 h. After subtracting the ZnO fractions, the remaining amount of the preheated light coal ash was the net light coal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Clay Minerals in Light Coal Fractions and the Thermal Reaction Products of These Clay Minerals during Combustion in a Drop Tube Furnace

et al. 2016

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Abstract:To estimate the contribution of clay minerals in light coal fractions to ash deposition in furnaces, we investigated their distribution and thermal reaction products. The light fractions of two Chinese coals were prepared using a 1.5 g¨cm´3 ZnCl 2 solution as a density separation medium and were burned in a drop-tube furnace (DTF). The mineral matter in each of the light coal fractions was compared to that of the relevant raw coal. The DTF ash from light coal fractions was analysed using hydrochloric acid separation. The acid-soluble aluminium fractions of DTF ash samples were used to determine changes in the amorphous aluminosilicate products with increasing combustion temperature. The results show that the clay mineral contents in the mineral matter of both light coal fractions were higher than those in the respective raw coals. For the coal with a high ash melting point, clay minerals in the light coal fraction thermally transformed more dehydroxylation products compared with those in the raw coal, possibly contributing to solid-state reactions of ash particles. For the coal with a low ash melting point, clay minerals in the light coal fraction produced more easily-slagging material compared with those in the raw coal, playing an important role in the occurrence of slagging. Additionally, ferrous oxide often produces low-melting substances in coal ash. Due to the similarities of zinc oxide and ferrous oxide in silicate reactions, we also investigated the interactions of clay minerals in light coal fractions with zinc oxide introduced by a zinc chloride solution. The extraneous zinc oxide could react, to a small extent, with clay minerals in the coal during DTF combustion.

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“…In the WtE plants chlorine causes high temperature corrosion and low conversion efficiency. Zinc presence in the MSW seems to be in the range 3000-4000 mg/kgDS [55]. Zinc, lead and tin lower the melting temperature of deposits on the superheater tubes amplifying corrosion [56].…”

Section: The Role Of Solid Recovered Fuel Among the Options Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy recovery from Municipal Solid Waste in EU: proposals to assess the management performance under a circular economy perspective

2017

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Abstract. In 2015 the European Commission issued a package of documents on Circular Economy concerning an integrated revision of legislative proposals on waste management. The aim was to stimulate a European transition towards a circular economy concept, which is expected to foster competitiveness, sustainable economic growth and new jobs generation. Three indicators are proposed in this paper to contribute to the assessment of the energy recovery management performance from MSW in a scenario of circular economy: a) referring to MSW directly used (RMSW) or indirectly used (SRF) as input of thermochemical plants, an indicator can be the percentage of waste having LHV > 13MJ/kg; b) referring to the MSW directly or indirectly used as input of thermochemical plants, the percentage of waste having ash recovered; c) referring to food waste, percentage of this stream sent to anaerobic digestion. The above indicators, proposed and discussed in this paper, have to be integrated with other ones in order to complete the quantification of the role of MSW management in term of energy recovery under a circular economy strategy. It is not the aim of the present paper to give a comprehensive solution to this complex issue.

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Occurrence and sources of zinc in fuels

Cited by 27 publications

References 139 publications

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Distribution of Clay Minerals in Light Coal Fractions and the Thermal Reaction Products of These Clay Minerals during Combustion in a Drop Tube Furnace

Energy recovery from Municipal Solid Waste in EU: proposals to assess the management performance under a circular economy perspective

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