Occurrence and recent long-distance dispersal of deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimps

Abstract

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seeps are extreme environments that have a high concentration of hydrogen sulphide. However, abundant unique invertebrates including shrimps of the family Bresiliidae have been found in such environments. The bresiliid shrimps are believed to have radiated in the Miocene (less than 20 Myr); however, the period when and the mechanisms by which they dispersed across the hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in oceans worldwide have not been clarified. In the present study, we collected the deep-sea blind shrimp Alvinocaris longirostris from the hydrothermal vent site in the Okinawa Trough and carried out the first investigation of the 18S rRNA gene of a bresiliid shrimp. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bresiliid shrimp is situated at an intermediate lineage within the infraorder Caridea and shows monophyly with palaemonid shrimps, which live in shallow sea and freshwater. Furthermore, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI ) gene sequences were analysed to determine the phylogenetic relationship with known bresiliid shrimps. A. longirostris of the Okinawa Trough had two haplotypes of the COI gene, one of which was identical to the Alvinocaris sp. of the cold seeps in Sagami Bay. These results indicate that a longdistance dispersal of A. longirostris occurred possibly within the last 100 000 years.

Dispersal and Differentiation of Deep-Sea Mussels of the GenusBathymodiolus(Mytilidae, Bathymodiolinae)

“…Genetic similarity between populations from the Sagami Bay and the Okinawa Trough was also shown in deep-sea bresiliid shrimp Alvinocaris longirostris [46].…”

Comparison of heat-shock responses between the hydrothermal vent shrimp Rimicaris exoculata and the related coastal shrimp Palaemonetes varians

“…This comparison is particularly relevant since P. varians also lives in a fluctuating thermal habitat (Healy, 1997) where the reported temperature minima (0-2°C) and maxima (30-33°C) are comparable with those suggested to be encountered by the vent shrimp in its habitat (Lofts, 1956;Jefferies, 1964). Moreover, a study has recently shown, within the Caridea infraorder, a monophyletic relationship between palaemonid and alvinocarid shrimps (Tokuda et al, 2006). We focused our investigations on a well-known family of stress biomarkers, the HSP70, since an immunodetection has already revealed an induction of these proteins in R. exoculata following a brief exposure at 25°C (Ravaux et al, 2003).…”

Pressure tolerance of the shallow-water caridean shrimp Palaemonetes varians across its thermal tolerance window

“…Certainly, some deepsea and shallow-water species are closely related, sharing common ancestors. Tokuda and colleagues found that deep-sea bresiliid shrimp have a close taxonomic relationship with shallow-water palaemonid shrimp (Tokuda et al, 2006). Similarly, Distel and colleagues identified a close taxonomic relationship between hydrothermal vent and cold seep Bathymodiolinae mussels from the deep sea and Mytilinae mussels from shallow water (Distel et al, 2000).…”

“…Palma et al, 2008;Palma et al, 2009). Furthermore, P. varians' close taxonomic relationship to the Atlantic hydrothermal vent shrimp species Rimicaris exoculata, Chorocaris chacei and Mirocaris fortunata (Tokuda et al, 2006) makes this species an excellent case for comparison with these deep-living shrimps, and it has previously been used as such (Gonzalez-Rey et al, 2007;Gonzalez-Rey et al, 2008).…”