Occurrence and profiling of multiple nitrosamines in source water and drinking water of China

Wang, Wanfeng; Yu, Jianwei; An, Wei; Yang, Min

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.175

Cited by 78 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The overall average (±standard deviation) NDMA concentration was 46.6 (±22.7) ng/L, in the range of 0.13-80.7 ng/L (Table 3). Previous studies demonstrated that NDMA concentrations varied significantly depending on the study region, sampling location (plant effluent/distribution system), season, source water (groundwater/surface water), and disinfectant (chlorine/chloramines), ranging from <MDL to 630 ng/L [1,7,[11][12][13][14][33][34][35][36]. NDMA levels up to 189 ng/L were reportedly found in China [7] but were mostly within 50 ng/L [35,36].…”

Section: Nationwide Distributions Of Ndma Concentrations In Tap Watermentioning

confidence: 98%

Regional and Seasonal Distributions of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Concentrations in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Korea

Park

Jung

Kim

2019

Water

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Volatile N-Nitrosamines (NAs), including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), an emerging contaminant in drinking water, have been reported to induce cancer in animal studies. This study aims to investigate the regional and seasonal distributions of the concentrations of NDMA, one of the most commonly found NAs with high carcinogenicity, in municipal tap water in Korea. NDMA in water samples was quantitatively determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) as a 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl (dansyl) derivative after optimization to dry the SPE adsorbent and remove dimethylamine prior to derivatization. Tap water samples were collected from 41 sites in Korea, each of which was visited once in summer and once in winter. The average (±standard deviation) NDMA concentration among all the sites was 46.6 (±22.7) ng/L, ranging from <0.13 to 80.7 ng/L. Significant NDMA differences in the regions, excluding the Jeju region, were not found, whereas the average NDMA concentration was statistically higher in winter than in summer. A multiple regression analysis for the entire data set indicated a negative relationship between NDMA concentration and water temperature. High levels of NDMA in Korea may pose excessive cancer risks from the consumption of such drinking water.

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Section: Nationwide Distributions Of Ndma Concentrations In Tap Watermentioning

confidence: 98%

Regional and Seasonal Distributions of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Concentrations in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Korea

Park

Jung

Kim

2019

Water

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“…Nitrosamines including N -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) play a critical role in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis ( Hong et al, 1991 ; Ratajczak-Wrona, Jablonska, Garley, Jablonski, & Radziwon, 2013 ). IARC has classified NDMA and NDEA as probable carcinogens to humans (Group 2A) ( Wang, Yu, An, & Yang, 2016 ). NDMA induces cancer via a dose-response ( Peto, Gray, Brantom, & Grasso, 1984 ).…”

Section: Human Carcinogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenesis: Failure of resolution of inflammation?

Fishbein

Hammock

Serhan

et al. 2021

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

129

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Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment is a hallmark of cancer and is recognized as a key characteristic of carcinogens. However, the failure of resolution of inflammation in cancer is only recently being understood. Products of arachidonic acid and related fatty acid metabolism called eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and epoxyeicosanoids, critically regulate inflammation, as well as its resolution. The resolution of inflammation is now appreciated to be an active biochemical process regulated by endogenous specialized pro-resolving lipid autacoid mediators which combat infections and stimulate tissue repair/regeneration. Environmental and chemical human carcinogens, including aflatoxins, asbestos, nitrosamines, alcohol, and tobacco, induce tumor-promoting inflammation and can disrupt the resolution of inflammation contributing to a devastating global cancer burden. While mechanisms of carcinogenesis have focused on genotoxic activity to induce mutations, nongenotoxic mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress promote genotoxicity, proliferation, and mutations. Moreover, carcinogens initiate oxidative stress to synergize with inflammation and DNA damage to fuel a vicious feedback loop of cell death, tissue damage, and carcinogenesis. In contrast, stimulation of resolution of inflammation may prevent carcinogenesis by clearance of cellular debris via macrophage phagocytosis and inhibition of an eicosanoid/cytokine storm of pro-inflammatory mediators. Controlling the host inflammatory response and its resolution in carcinogen-induced cancers will be critical to reducing carcinogen-induced morbidity and mortality. Here we review the recent evidence that stimulation of resolution of inflammation, including pro-resolution lipid mediators and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors, may be a new chemopreventive approach to prevent carcinogen-induced cancer that should be evaluated in humans.

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“…Our monitoring data were compared with the previous studies (Table 6). A total of nine previous studies were compared [19,22,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The concentration ranges and average concentrations of nitrosamines reported in previous studies were compared, and if the average detection concentrations were not given, the average of the maximum and minimum detection values was used for comparison.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Results With Those Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After selecting the best-performing analysis method, the nitrosamines eluted from rubber products and the TPE, TPU, and PU products with similar characteristics to rubber products that are sold in Korea were monitored. We compared our results with those of previous studies [19,22,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] to verify the feasibility of the selected method. Finally, based on the monitoring results, we conducted a health risk assessment for the oral exposure to the nine nitrosamines eluted from synthetic resins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of EI-GC-MS/MS, APCI-LC-MS/MS, and ESI-LC-MS/MS for the Simultaneous Analysis of Nine Nitrosamines Eluted from Synthetic Resins into Artificial Saliva and Health Risk Assessment

Kim

Sung

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Nitrosamines can be produced during the manufacture of rubber-type products such as pacifiers or the nipples of baby bottles. Humans can be exposed to the nitrosamines in these products when they are eluted into saliva. In this study, we compared the efficiency of electron impact ionization (EI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and electrospray ionization (ESI) methods for the analysis of nine nitrosamines eluted into artificial saliva. In addition, nine nitrosamines eluted from 54 rubber-type products (rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, and polyurethane) marketed in Korea were monitored. Finally, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk assessments of oral exposure to nine nitrosamines were performed based on the monitoring results. EI-GC-MS/MS performed the best for the simultaneous analysis of these nine nitrosamines with respect to overall linearity, trace analysis limit of detection (less than 1 μg), recovery (average 108.66 ± 9.32%), and precision (less than 6%), compared with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (APCI and ESI) methods. Using the EI-GC-MS/MS method, these nine nitrosamines eluted into artificial saliva from 54 rubber-type products were monitored. Based on the monitoring data, risk assessment was performed by calculating the margin of exposure (MOE) for the respective nitrosamines detected. As a result, these nitrosamines were confirmed to be safe with regard to both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks.

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Occurrence and profiling of multiple nitrosamines in source water and drinking water of China

Cited by 78 publications

References 33 publications

Regional and Seasonal Distributions of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Concentrations in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Korea

Regional and Seasonal Distributions of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Concentrations in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Korea

Carcinogenesis: Failure of resolution of inflammation?

Comparison of EI-GC-MS/MS, APCI-LC-MS/MS, and ESI-LC-MS/MS for the Simultaneous Analysis of Nine Nitrosamines Eluted from Synthetic Resins into Artificial Saliva and Health Risk Assessment

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